Chem - Quantum

Question 1

S sublevel

Answer 1

1 s orbital, 2 electrons; spherical

Question 2

P sublevel

Answer 2

3 p orbitals, 6 electrons; 2 lobes (dumbell)

Question 3

D sublevel

Answer 3

5 d orbitals, 10 electrons; 4 lobes (clover)

Question 4

F sublevel

Answer 4

7 f orbitals, 14 electrons; 8 lobes

Question 5

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Answer 5

Series of waves that travel at the speed of light

Question 6

Wavelength

Answer 6

The distance a wave travels in 1 cycle; the distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves

Question 7

Frequency

Answer 7

Cycles per second; number of complete waves that pass a given point per second

Question 8

Amplitude

Answer 8

Height or depth of a wave crest or trough, related to intensity of radiation or light

Question 9

Wavelength and frequency

Answer 9

Inversely proportional, c = lambda × nu (c = speed of light)

Question 10

Blackbody radiation

Answer 10

A solid object emits visible light when heated to 1000K, demonstrates that energy is related to frequency and wavelength

Question 11

Energy and frequency

Answer 11

Directly proportional, E = h × nu (h = Plank’s constant

Question 12

Quantum Theory of Energy

Answer 12

Any object can emit or absorb only certain quantities of energy

Question 13

Quantum

Answer 13

A fixed quantity of energy

Question 14

Photoelectric effect

Answer 14

The emission of electrons from a material when light of certain frequencies shines on the surface of the material, there must be a minimum or threshold frequency to cause the photoelectric effect

Question 15

Photon

Answer 15

Bundle of energy

Question 16

Atomic Emission Spectrum

Answer 16

A set of frequencies of electromagnetic waves given off by atoms of an element when they release energy as electrons return to a non-excited state; each element gives off a characteristic pattern

Question 17

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Answer 17

It is impossible to know both the velocity and the position of a moving particle at the same time

Question 18

Quantum number: n

Answer 18

Energy level; positive integer

Question 19

Quantum number: L

Answer 19

Sublevel; ranges from 0 to n-1; s=0 p=1 d=2 f=3

Question 20

Quantum number: m_L

Answer 20

Orbital; ranges from -L to +L

Question 21

Quantum number: m_s

Answer 21

Spin; +/- 1/2 (upspin first)

Question 22

Paulu Exclusion Principle

Answer 22

An orbital can hold up to 2 electrons and they must have opposite spin

Question 23

Hund’s Rule

Answer 23

When filking orbitals of equal energy (same sublevel), each orbital receives one electron prior to pairing

Question 24

Aufbau Principle

Answer 24

Electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first