Chem - Bonding

Question 1

Ionic

Answer 1

Transfer of electrons, form ions; typically between a metal amd nonmetal

Question 2

Covalent

Answer 2

Sharing of electrons; typically between nonmetals

Question 3

Metallic

Answer 3

Electron pooling; typically between metals

Question 4

Monatomic ion

Answer 4

A single atom with a positive or negative charge

Question 5

Polyatomic ion

Answer 5

A group of atoms with a positive or negative charge

Question 6

Octet rule

Answer 6

Atoms will gain, lose, or share electrons in order to achieve stable electron configuration

Question 7

Ionic compounds

Answer 7

Compounds are neutral due to combined opposite charges; salts, electrolytes

Question 8

Coordinate/dative bond

Answer 8

All shared electrons come from the same atom

Question 9

VSEPR (valence electron pair repulsion) Theory

Answer 9

Each group of valence electrons around a central atom is located as far as possible from the others due to repulsions

Question 10

Molecular Polarity

Answer 10

Depends on shape and bond polarity; nonpolar if all polar bonds cancel out due to equal pulls in all directions

Question 11

Valence bond theory

Answer 11

Covalent bonds form when the orbitals of 2 atoms overlap and a pair of electrons occupy the overlap region

Question 12

Orbital hybridization

Answer 12

Valence orbitals in isolated atoms are combined to form new orbitals, allowing for observed molecular shapes; number of hybrid orbitals determined by the number of electron groups surrounding an atom

Question 13

Sigma bond

Answer 13

End to end overlap of orbitals along the bond axis, allows rotation

Question 14

Pi bonds

Answer 14

Sideways overlap of p orbitals above and below the bond axis, can not rotate

Question 15

Single bonds contain

Answer 15

1 sigma bond

Question 16

Double bonds contain

Answer 16

1 sigma and 1 pi bond

Question 17

Triple bonds contain

Answer 17

1 sigma and 2 pi bonds

Question 18

Dual polarity

Answer 18

Molecules can contain polar and nonpolar regions

Question 19

Chemical reaction

Answer 19

Changing old substances (reactants) into new substances (products) by breaking and making bonds

Question 20

Combination/synthesis reaction

Answer 20

Multiple reactants combine to form a single product; A+B -> AB

Question 21

Decomposition Reaction

Answer 21

A single reactant breaks down into multiple products; AB -> A+B

Question 22

Single Replacement/Displacement Reaction

Answer 22

Atoms of one element replace atoms of another element in a compound; A+BC -> B+AC

Question 23

Double replacement reaction

Answer 23

Multiple conpounds exchange atoms; AB+CD -> CB+AD

Question 24

Combustion reaction

Answer 24

A substance reacts with molecular oxygen

Question 25

Spectator ions

Answer 25

Ions that do not impact the reaction, same on both sides of the net ionic equation