Chem (Polymers)

Question 1

Molecular compound that can be distinguished
by a high molar mass, ranging into thousands
and even millions of masses and they are made
up of many repeating units.

Answer 1

POLYMER

Question 2

The root ‘mer’ means ____, and poly means _____. Taken together, the
word polymer can be deconstructed as _____

Answer 2

units, many = many units

Question 3

Typically, ‘mer’ is referred to as a
_______

Answer 3

monomer

Question 4

This is a type of polymer that have been around since life itself began

Answer 4

Natural Polymer (cellulose, starch, dna, natural rubber)

Question 5

were first developed in the
early 20th century, and these polymers
remarkably transformed our world as different
materials can be created with properties that are
ideal for different applications. Examples are
nylon, polyethylene, polyester, teflon, and epoxy.

Answer 5

Synthetic Polymers

Question 6

It is the starting material for
many synthetic polymers in plastics,
pharmaceuticals, fabrics, and other carbon-
based products.

Answer 6

Crude oil

Question 7

If a polymer is made up of only type of monomer
(e.g. polyethylene), then it is known as
________

Answer 7

homopolymer Homopolymer

Question 8

The molecules in polymers are gigantic and
because of their size they are often referred to as
?

Answer 8

macromolecules

Question 9

The backbone of each of a
carbon- chain polymer is a string of carbon atoms
and within each molecule, the atoms are bound
together by ________

Answer 9

covalent interatomic bonds

Question 10

It is a stable molecule with two carbon
atoms connected by a double bond. It
is made by the reaction of multiple _______ molecules in the presence of a catalyst.

Answer 10

Ethylene

Question 11

Molecular weight and shape of a polymer is not
the only basis of its physical characteristics, the
difference in the structure of the molecular chains
must also be considered.

Answer 11

Polyner Structure

Question 12

_____________ are those in which the repeat
units are joined together end to end in single
chains. These long chains are flexible where each
circle represents a unit.
• There may be extensive Van der Waals and
hydrogen bonding between the chains.

Answer 12

Linear Polymers

Question 13

The chain packing efficiency is reduced with the
formation of side branches, which results in a
lowering of the polymer density.

Answer 13

Branched Polymer

Question 14

• Adjacent linear chains are joined one to another
at various positions by covalent bonds.

Answer 14

Cross-linked polymer

Question 15

The process of crosslinking is achieved either
during ___________ or by a __________.

Answer 15

Synthesis or nonreversible chemical reaction

Question 16

Multifunctional monomers forming three or
more active covalent bonds; a polymer that js highly cross-linked

Answer 16

Network Polymer

Question 17

• Properties: transparent, strong, shatter resistant.
Impervious to acids and atmospheric gases. Most
costly of the six.
• Uses: soft-drink bottles, clear food containers,
beverage glasses, fleece fabrics, carpet yarns,
fiber-fill insulation.

Answer 17

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PETE)

Question 18

Properties: similar to LDPE but more rigid,
tougher, and slightly more dense.
• Uses: opaque milk, juice, detergents, and
shampoo bottles. Also used in buckets, crates,
and fencing materials

Answer 18

Polyethylene (PE)

Question 19

• Properties: Variable. Rigid if not softened with a
plasticizer. Clear and shiny, but often pigmented.
Resistant to most chemicals, including oils, acids,
and bases.
• Uses: Rigid: plumbing pipe, house siding, charge
cards, and hotel room keys. Softened: garden
hoses, waterproof boots, shower curtains, and iv
tubing.

Answer 19

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

Question 20

• Properties: translucent if not pigmented. Soft and
flexible. Unreactive to acids and bases. Strong
and tough.
• Uses: bags, films, sheets, bubble wrap, toys, wire
insulation.

Answer 20

Polyethylene (PE)

Question 21

• Properties: opaque, very tough, good
weatherability. Has high melting point. Resistant
to oils.
• Uses: bottle caps. Yogurt, cream, and margarine
containers. Carpeting, casual furniture, luggage.

Answer 21

Polypropylene (PP)

Question 22

• Properties: crystal form is transparent,
sparkling, somewhat brittle. Expandable form is
lightweight. Both forms are rigid and degrades in
many organic solvents.
• Uses: crystal form: food wrap, cd cases,
transparent cups. Expandable form: foam cups,
insulated containers, food packaging trays, and
egg cartons.

Answer 22

Polystyrene (PS)

Question 23

Polymers with very long chains has extremely
____________ but during
_____________ process, not all polymer chains
will grow to the same length.

Answer 23

large molecular weights, polymerization

Question 24

an alternative
way of expressing average chain size of a polymer.
DP represents the average number of repeat
units in a chain and it is related to the number-
average molecular weight of the polymer.

Answer 24

Degree of Polymerization

Question 25

Molecular structure has a great effect on how
polymers react to mechanical forces at elevated
temperatures. One classification for these
materials is according to behavior with rising
temperature.

Answer 25

Thermoplastic and Thermoset

Question 26

soften
upon heating and later liquefy, then it hardens
when cooled. This process is reversible and can
be repeated.

Answer 26

Thermoplastic

Question 27

are
network polymers, they do not soften upon
heating, and they become permanently hard
during their formation.

Answer 27

Thermoset

Question 28

composed of two repeat units. It
is possible that there are different sequencing
arrangements along the polymer chains which
depends on the polymerization process and the
relative fractions of these repeat unit types.

Answer 28

Copolymers

Question 29

These are usually copolymers

Answer 29

Synthetic rubbers

Question 30

two repeat units alternate chain
positions

Answer 30

Alternating Copolymer

Question 31

Two different units are randomly dispersed along the chain

Answer 31

Random copolymer

Question 32

identical repeat units are clustered in
_____ along the chain

Answer 32

block

Question 33

also called homopolymer, side branches
of one type may be grafted to homopolymer main
chains that are composed of a different repeat
unit

Answer 33

Graft

Question 34

In crystalline state, the atomic arrangement in
polymer materials are more complex as compared
to metals because in polymers it involves ______ instead of just _____ or ______

Answer 34

molecules instead of just atoms or ions

Question 35

the packing of molecular
chains to produce an ordered atomic array.
Crystal structures may be specified in terms of
unit cells, which are often quite complex.

Answer 35

Polymer Crystallinity