CHEM/PHYS Flashcards
All amino acids are S except for
cysteine which is R
All amino acids are L except
Glycine
_________appear in the cell wall of bacteria which allows it to resist cleavage from our peptidases.
D-amino acids
Lysine gets Ubiquinated
______is the precursor to the catecholamines eg. the neurotransmitters dopamine, epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine.
Tyrosine - amine hormones
______is the precursor to seretonin and melatonin. These are the indolamines
Tryptophan
what is indole group and ex
tryptophan, 2 ring 1 6 and 1 5 - 5 one has NH
Ketogenic only:
Ketogenic AND Glucogenic:
Glucogenic only: The remaining 13
Leucine & Lysine
Phenylalanine, Isoleucine, Threonine, Tyrosine, Tryptophan (FWY,IT)
Isoleucine is ____branched, leucine is _____branched
BETA, AND GAMMA
this principle states that when separate atoms or particles are cooled to absolute zero they consolidate into single quantum entitiy
bose - einstein
Absolute zero occurs at a temperature of , or -273.15 degrees Celsius, or at -460 degrees Fahrenheit.
0K
for le chatalier if you have inc temperature what rx favour
endothermic
for le chatalier if you have low temperature what will it favour
exothermic
if you have inc pressure in le chatalier then it will favour what side
side with fewer molec
this prinicple states that no 2 electrons share the same set of quantum numbers
pauli exclusion
when an electronegative atom is added (N) that will do what to water solubility
inc it/inc polarity - N WILL HAVE A LONE PAIR OF E-
the dissociation constant (Ki) will/not change because its a
constant - will not change
ubiquinone is what kind of functional group and reduced to ____ which is what funciton group
starts as ketone, then reduced to ubiquinol which has a alcohol group attached to it
structure of flavin
3 rings fused, 4 n total, and 2 c=o
coupling the movement of a charged particle against a concentration gradient will cause it to become
less exothermic - moving against gradient is energetically costly, by coupling the exergonic, and endergonic, overall process less exothermic - more middle, less heat that when it was uncatalyzied as in the passage
how does pressure compare if at the same depth what is the comparison in pressure
same pressure - use p=pgdepth – since the densities and gravities are the same depth too then it will be the same
how to find neutorns
mass number – protons
doubling the absolute temperature, and the doubling the gas molecules cause what for the volume
double the volume
structure of pyrrole is
5 member aromatic ring that has 1 nitrogen atom - pi bond - heterocyclic aromatic compound
1000 cm 3 is equal to
1 L
energy of the absorbed radiation must be larger than the energy of the flu radiation
explain in freq terms
which carbon in most a.a are chiral
alpha is chiral , beta is usually not
when the gel depict molecular weights are increasing rather than dec its called
aggregration (opp way)
As time increases the reducing conditions also increase, causing the quaternary protein to be
broken down into smaller and smaller subunits. - will see it diminish on gel
when it asks for the net change in the MW of enzyme need to look at
type of enzyme ex. methyl transferase - not net change is just tranfering it (can calculate the mass - of methyl CH3)
_____ facilitate the mixture of hydrophobic and hydrophilic compoiunds
detergents
the presence of reducing sugar makes the compound susceptible to
oxidation
same MW measures the _____ of the primary structure - folding status does not affect it
stability
if the Kd is unchanged afte rpurification this would suggest that the protein has
not been denatured - same affinity - ex where it would indiacte that it was still in the native state
why are such high tempeartures required for fusion
allow reactants to approach within range of the strong nuclear force - (the force that holds nuclei together)
the prob of fusion increase with ____ in the distance bw fuel particles that allow for attractive nuclear forces to overcome repelling nuclear forces acting on medium and long distance
decrease
enantiomers have the same _____ but different
chem and phys properties, different 3d shape, SMELL - bc of interact differently with chiral odorant receptors
the IR spectrum of enantiomenrs are identical bc
same compounds - with normal light, circulary polarized light will may give diffferences
the word selectivity is saying to look for residue/a.a that can be modified withouth the other residues being modified
the a.a. or like compound was adjusted and theres a new modifacation where to look for it
look at the diagram, where add carboxy group - now acidic
pyrrole found in
heme
acetate ion known as
CH3CO2 - 2 C
NH4HCO3 this is
ammonium bicarbonate
(NH4)2CO3 this is
ammoinium carbonate
NH4HCO2 is
ammonium formate
when asked what if the pressue or gas with eqaution: if 1 atm of 4CO –> C302 + CO2 what is the final pressure
use PV=NRT - so total on the left is 4 moles, then produces 2 moles, for halfed, no since the n is halved then pressure is also halved =0.5
is something is lipophilic that means its
not water soluble - lipids - so it will go into the tery butyl ether layer - not aq
Ki is the concentration of the inhibitor that gives the rx rate of half max rx rate - so on graph of enzyme activty vs concentration where to find Ki
midpoint 0 inflection point in mid
_____ attractive force consisting of a combo of H bonding and ionic bonding
salt bridge (+/-)
pi stacking is the attractive noncovalent pi interactions that occur with overlap of pi bonds of AROMATIC RINGS EX
Y
which group will be deprot first - as pH of solution is raised
most acidic group will deprot first - hydroxyl least, then prot amine, then carboxy group - if theres more EN atoms (Cl-) then it will be more acidic
to find the acceraltion of the masses with no numbers when connected by massless cord suspended over massless and frictionless pulley
use F=am,
Fnet: F1-F2, m1g - m2g
also mT=m1 + m2
sub in with massess
The ______is the quantity of heat necessary to change 1 g of a solid to a liquid with no temperature change
heat of fusion
specfic heat of water looks at
energy needed to raise the temp of 1 g of water (liq) by one degree - 4.18
heat of vaporization looks at
amount of energy required to convert liquid water to steam
capacitance is directly porprortional to the
area of the parallel plates, permittivity (dielectric), and the voltage supply
capacitance is inverse propr
to the separation betwee the parallel plates, if want to inc charge on capacitor then dec separation bw parallel plates
what is the value of Kb for the conj base if weak organic acid that has pKa of 5
pkb + pka = 14, so when minus Pkb is 9, then do 10^-9
