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AAMC FL#5 > CHEM/PHYS > Flashcards

CHEM/PHYS Flashcards

1
Q

All amino acids are S except for

A

cysteine which is R

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2
Q

All amino acids are L except

A

Glycine

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3
Q

_________appear in the cell wall of bacteria which allows it to resist cleavage from our peptidases.

A

D-amino acids

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4
Q

Lysine gets Ubiquinated

A
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5
Q

______is the precursor to the catecholamines eg. the neurotransmitters dopamine, epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine.

A

Tyrosine - amine hormones

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6
Q

______is the precursor to seretonin and melatonin. These are the indolamines

A

Tryptophan

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7
Q

what is indole group and ex

A

tryptophan, 2 ring 1 6 and 1 5 - 5 one has NH

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8
Q

Ketogenic only:

Ketogenic AND Glucogenic:

Glucogenic only: The remaining 13

A

Leucine & Lysine

Phenylalanine, Isoleucine, Threonine, Tyrosine, Tryptophan (FWY,IT)

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9
Q

Isoleucine is ____branched, leucine is _____branched

A

BETA, AND GAMMA

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10
Q

this principle states that when separate atoms or particles are cooled to absolute zero they consolidate into single quantum entitiy

A

bose - einstein

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11
Q

Absolute zero occurs at a temperature of , or -273.15 degrees Celsius, or at -460 degrees Fahrenheit.

A

0K

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12
Q

for le chatalier if you have inc temperature what rx favour

A

endothermic

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13
Q

for le chatalier if you have low temperature what will it favour

A

exothermic

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14
Q

if you have inc pressure in le chatalier then it will favour what side

A

side with fewer molec

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15
Q

this prinicple states that no 2 electrons share the same set of quantum numbers

A

pauli exclusion

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16
Q

when an electronegative atom is added (N) that will do what to water solubility

A

inc it/inc polarity - N WILL HAVE A LONE PAIR OF E-

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17
Q

the dissociation constant (Ki) will/not change because its a

A

constant - will not change

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18
Q

ubiquinone is what kind of functional group and reduced to ____ which is what funciton group

A

starts as ketone, then reduced to ubiquinol which has a alcohol group attached to it

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19
Q

structure of flavin

A

3 rings fused, 4 n total, and 2 c=o

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20
Q

coupling the movement of a charged particle against a concentration gradient will cause it to become

A

less exothermic - moving against gradient is energetically costly, by coupling the exergonic, and endergonic, overall process less exothermic - more middle, less heat that when it was uncatalyzied as in the passage

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21
Q

how does pressure compare if at the same depth what is the comparison in pressure

A

same pressure - use p=pgdepth – since the densities and gravities are the same depth too then it will be the same

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22
Q

how to find neutorns

A

mass number – protons

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23
Q

doubling the absolute temperature, and the doubling the gas molecules cause what for the volume

A

double the volume

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24
Q

structure of pyrrole is

A

5 member aromatic ring that has 1 nitrogen atom - pi bond - heterocyclic aromatic compound

25
Q

1000 cm 3 is equal to

A

1 L

26
Q

energy of the absorbed radiation must be larger than the energy of the flu radiation

A

explain in freq terms

27
Q

which carbon in most a.a are chiral

A

alpha is chiral , beta is usually not

28
Q

when the gel depict molecular weights are increasing rather than dec its called

A

aggregration (opp way)

29
Q

As time increases the reducing conditions also increase, causing the quaternary protein to be

A

broken down into smaller and smaller subunits. - will see it diminish on gel

30
Q

when it asks for the net change in the MW of enzyme need to look at

A

type of enzyme ex. methyl transferase - not net change is just tranfering it (can calculate the mass - of methyl CH3)

31
Q

_____ facilitate the mixture of hydrophobic and hydrophilic compoiunds

A

detergents

32
Q

the presence of reducing sugar makes the compound susceptible to

A

oxidation

33
Q

same MW measures the _____ of the primary structure - folding status does not affect it

A

stability

34
Q

if the Kd is unchanged afte rpurification this would suggest that the protein has

A

not been denatured - same affinity - ex where it would indiacte that it was still in the native state

35
Q

why are such high tempeartures required for fusion

A

allow reactants to approach within range of the strong nuclear force - (the force that holds nuclei together)

36
Q

the prob of fusion increase with ____ in the distance bw fuel particles that allow for attractive nuclear forces to overcome repelling nuclear forces acting on medium and long distance

A

decrease

37
Q

enantiomers have the same _____ but different

A

chem and phys properties, different 3d shape, SMELL - bc of interact differently with chiral odorant receptors

38
Q

the IR spectrum of enantiomenrs are identical bc

A

same compounds - with normal light, circulary polarized light will may give diffferences

39
Q

the word selectivity is saying to look for residue/a.a that can be modified withouth the other residues being modified

A
40
Q

the a.a. or like compound was adjusted and theres a new modifacation where to look for it

A

look at the diagram, where add carboxy group - now acidic

41
Q

pyrrole found in

A

heme

42
Q

acetate ion known as

A

CH3CO2 - 2 C

43
Q

NH4HCO3 this is

A

ammonium bicarbonate

44
Q

(NH4)2CO3 this is

A

ammoinium carbonate

45
Q

NH4HCO2 is

A

ammonium formate

46
Q

when asked what if the pressue or gas with eqaution: if 1 atm of 4CO –> C302 + CO2 what is the final pressure

A

use PV=NRT - so total on the left is 4 moles, then produces 2 moles, for halfed, no since the n is halved then pressure is also halved =0.5

47
Q

is something is lipophilic that means its

A

not water soluble - lipids - so it will go into the tery butyl ether layer - not aq

48
Q

Ki is the concentration of the inhibitor that gives the rx rate of half max rx rate - so on graph of enzyme activty vs concentration where to find Ki

A

midpoint 0 inflection point in mid

49
Q

_____ attractive force consisting of a combo of H bonding and ionic bonding

A

salt bridge (+/-)

50
Q

pi stacking is the attractive noncovalent pi interactions that occur with overlap of pi bonds of AROMATIC RINGS EX

A

Y

51
Q

which group will be deprot first - as pH of solution is raised

A

most acidic group will deprot first - hydroxyl least, then prot amine, then carboxy group - if theres more EN atoms (Cl-) then it will be more acidic

52
Q

to find the acceraltion of the masses with no numbers when connected by massless cord suspended over massless and frictionless pulley

A

use F=am,
Fnet: F1-F2, m1g - m2g
also mT=m1 + m2
sub in with massess

53
Q

The ______is the quantity of heat necessary to change 1 g of a solid to a liquid with no temperature change

A

heat of fusion

54
Q

specfic heat of water looks at

A

energy needed to raise the temp of 1 g of water (liq) by one degree - 4.18

55
Q

heat of vaporization looks at

A

amount of energy required to convert liquid water to steam

56
Q

capacitance is directly porprortional to the

A

area of the parallel plates, permittivity (dielectric), and the voltage supply

57
Q

capacitance is inverse propr

A

to the separation betwee the parallel plates, if want to inc charge on capacitor then dec separation bw parallel plates

58
Q

what is the value of Kb for the conj base if weak organic acid that has pKa of 5

A

pkb + pka = 14, so when minus Pkb is 9, then do 10^-9

59
Q
A

AAMC FL#5 (3 decks)

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