Chem H Flashcards
what is the collision theory?
Chemical reactions can only occur when reacting particles collide with each other with sufficient energy. the minimum amount of energy that the particles must have to react is called activation energy.
What factors effect the rate of reaction?
-increasing concentration
-increasing pressure
-increasing surface area
-increasing temperature
What are catalysts?
they increase the rate of reaction but are not used up during the reaction
which symbol shows a reversible reaction
double headed half arrow
what is a endothermic reaction
if the temperature of the surroundings goes down (takes in heat)
what is an exothermic reaction?
if the temperature of the surroundings goes up (gives out heat)
what is equilibrium?
forward and reverse reactions proceed at equal rates. the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant.
Which conditions effect the position of equilibrium?
- concentration
- temperature
- pressure
what happens when the concentration increases (in the equilibrium)
if the concentration of a reactant is increased, more products will be formed until equilibrium is reached.
what happens when the concentration decreases (in the equilibrium)
if the concentration of a product is decreased, more reactants will react until equilibrium is reached .
what is yield?
the amount of product produced in a reaction
what happens when the temperature decreases (in the equilibrium)
Equilibrium shifts to increase the temperature and shifts in the exothermic direction
what happens when the temperature increases (in the equilibrium)
Equilibrium shifts to decrease the temperature and shifts in the endothermic direction
what happens when the pressure increases (in the equilibrium)
favors the side with the least amount of moles
what happens when the pressure decreases (in the equilibrium)
favours the side with the most number of moles
