Chem Definition Flashcards
Define Atoms
Atoms are the basic particles of the chemical elements. An atom consists of a nucleus of protons and generally neutrons, surrounded by an electromagnetically bound swarm of electrons.
Define Protons
The proton is a subatomic particle with a positive electrical charge.
Define Exited State
If an atom absorbs energy such as heat or light, the electrons can become excited and jump up to other orbitals
Define Neutrons
The neutron is a subatomic particle, which has no electric charge.
Define Electron Shells
Electron shell, regions surrounding the atomic nucleus containing a specific number of electrons.
Define Electrons
The electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle that is found in all atoms.
Define Ground state
The ground state of an atomic nucleus, atom, or molecule is its lowest energy state.
Define Electron Configuration
Electron configurationsdescribe where electrons are located around the nucleus of an atom
Define Photon
A photon is a tiny particle that comprises waves of electromagnetic radiation.
Define Valence Electrons
Valence electrons are electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.
Define Redshift
Redshift occurs when a light source moves away from an observer and therefore increases and elongates its wavelengths of light, resulting in the light having redder frequencies
Define Periods
A period is a horizontal row of the periodic table. There are seven periods in the periodic table, with each one beginning at the far left. A new period begins when a new principal energy level begins filling with electrons.
Define Groups
Group, in chemistry, a column in the periodic table of the chemical elements. In a group, the chemical elements have atoms with identical valence electron.
Define Ionic Compound
Ionic compound, any of a large group of chemical compounds consisting of oppositely charged ions, wherein electron transfer, or ionic bonding occured
Define Cation
Cations are ions that are positively charged.
Define Valence Shell
The outermost shell of any atom is called the valence shell
Define Anions
Anions are ions that are negatively charged.
Define Ion
Ion, any atom or group of atoms that bears one or more positive or negative electrical charges
Define Ionic Bond
An ionic bond is a chemical bond formed when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom.
Define Covalent Molecules
A covalent compound is a molecule formed by covalent bonds,
Define Covalent Bond
Covalent bond, in chemistry, the interatomic linkage that results from the sharing of an electron pair between two atoms.
Define Reactivity
Reactivity is a measure of how readily a substance undergoes a chemical reaction
Define Displacement Reaction
A displacement reaction occurs when a more reactive element displaces, or pushes out, a less reactive element from a compound that contains the less reactive element.
Define Atomic Mass
Atomic mass, the quantity of matter contained in an atom of an element
Define Balanced Chemical Equation
A balanced equation is an equation for a chemical reaction in which the number of atoms for each element in the reaction and the total charge is the same.
Define Atomic Number
Atomic number, the number of a chemical element in the periodic system and on the periodic table that equals the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom.
