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chem Flashcards

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1
Q

gasses

A

can change shape and change volume
they are fluid and compressible

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2
Q

fluid

A

A substance that flows, deforms, and changes shape when subject to a force, or stress

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3
Q

comprehensibility

A

the measure of how much a given volume of matter decreases when placed under pressure

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4
Q

liquids

A

exhibit fluidity and lack compressibility

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5
Q

liquid individual particle

A

do no not have fixed positions in the liquid

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6
Q

liquid interparticle

A

forces of attraction limit the range of motion so particles remmain closely

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7
Q

fluidity

A

the ability to flow

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8
Q

properties of the liquid state

A

density, viscosity, surface tension, and capillary action

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9
Q

density

A

the relationship between the mass of the substance and how much space it takes up

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10
Q

Density of liquids

A

in most substances a liquid is less dense then its solid state
water is en execption

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11
Q

Viscosity

A

is a measure of the resistance of a liquid to flow
viscosity relates to tem, forces between particles, and the shape of the particles

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12
Q

surface tension

A

surface tension is the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid
it is a measure of the inward pull by particles and forces in the interior of the liquid

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13
Q

capillary action

A

capillary action is the movement of a liquid up or into a narrow tube due to adhesive and cohesive forces

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14
Q

adhesion

A

attraction for unlike substances

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15
Q

cohesion

A

attraction for like substances

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16
Q

solids

A

exhibit a lack of fluidity and a lack of compressibility
organized particle arrangement
definite melting point

17
Q

forces of attraction in solids

A

the force of attraction between the particles in the solid are stronger then o substances that are liquid or gas phase under the same conditions
the stronger forces resist movement of the particles

18
Q

properties of solid state matter

A

crystal lattice, definite melting point, types of solids

19
Q

crystal lattice

A

all true solids have a crystal lattice structure, a regular repeating 3-D pattern of particles connected by forces of attraction
ex table salt(NaCl)

20
Q

definite melting point

A

when enough energy is added the lattice falls apart and the solid melts
the temp where this change occurs is called the melting point or freeezing point

21
Q

solids are classified

A

by the type of forces holding the particles together

22
Q

ionic solids

A

made of ions( M+Nm

23
Q

Metallic solids

A

metal atoms(M+M)

24
Q

Network solids

A

these solids are rare and are formed from atomms covantley bonded to each other throughout the entire structure-one huge molecule- like diamond or graphite

25
Q

Molecular Solids

A

the type of solid is composed of covalent molecules that re attached to each other through intermoleculer forces of attraction- ice(solid water) and sugar are ex

26
Q

Hydrates

A

hydrates are solid crystals that contain water molecules chemically combined in a definite ration, these are solids

27
Q

Hygroscopic solids

A

Hygroscopic solids spontaneously absorb water from the air theya re often used as desiccants( induce or sustain a state of dryness)
ex silicates and clays

28
Q

Deliquescent solids

A

spontaneously absorb so much water from the air that they will dissolve themselves
ex CaCl2

29
Q

Amorphus Solids

A

amorphus solids do not have a regular crystal lattice structure
theya re offten considered liquids with high viscosity

30
Q

endothermic changes

A

these changes require energy to be added to weaken or break the attraction between particles

31
Q

melting

A

solid to liquid

32
Q

vaporization

A

liquid to gas
-evaporation occurs at the surface of the liquid over all tempatures where liquid exist
-boiling occurs at a specific tempature and pressure the vapor pressure of the liquid must equa the atmospheric pressure

33
Q

Sublimation

A

solid to gas

34
Q

exothermic changes

A

energy removed
these changes require that energy be removed from the sample which permits forces of attraction to form and hold the particles together

35
Q

condensation

A

gas to liquid

36
Q

Deposition

A

gas to solid

chemistry (6 decks)

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