CHEM-1 Flashcards
ATOM
tiny particles making up all
mass
PROTONS AND NEUTRONS
collectively called nucleons making up the nucleus of an atom
STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE
hold together protons and neutrons to form the nucleus
ELECTRONS
surrounds the nucleus at a distance of 1-3 Angstroms
Mass of an electron is about ___ times smaller than the mass of a nucleon.
1800
Matter is mostly ____ space.
empty
ELEMENTS
are building blocks of compounds and can’t be decomposed into simpler substance by chemical means
ATOMIC NUMBER
indicates the number of protons
An element may have any number of electrons and neutrons but __________ number of protons.
only one
MASS NUMBER
sum of protons and neutrons
Not every atom of a given element will have a mass equal to the mass number because isotopes of an atom have different numbers of _______.
neutrons
ISOTOPES
two or more atoms of the same element that contain different number of neutrons.
ION
atom than has an unequal number of protons and electrons creating a charge.
CATION
atom carrying more protons than electrons having a + charge
ANION
atom carrying more electrons than protons having a - charge
SALT
neutral compound composed of a positive and a negative ion together
Changing the number of neutrons creates a(n) ____
isotope
Changing the number electrons creates a(n) _____
ion
Changing the number of protons creates a(n)
____
different element
PERIOD
horizontal row in periodic table
GROUPS/FAMILIES
vertical columns i periodic table
METALS
large atoms that tend to lose electrons to form positive ions and oxidation states
