chem 1 Flashcards
solid
- fixed shape
because of the strong forces between its particles. - cannot be compressed
because their particles are already very close together and - cannot flow.
The particles in a solid are - arranged in an regular pattern.
The particles in a solid move around a - fixed point.
gasses
Gases can be compressed because their particles are
- very far apart.
The particles in a gas are free to move in any direction. Because of this, a
- gas can flow, has
- no fixed shape and completely fills its container.
The particles in a gas
- move randomly and are not organised in any way.
liquids
- cannot be compressed
because their particles are already very close together.
In a liquid, the particles are - in contact with one another, but they can still move.
- This allows a liquid to flow
and take the shape of its container.
Particles in a liquid are - arranged randomly
element
one type of atom, on its own or joined to another atom of the same type.
e.g. magnesium, gold
compound
a substance that contains two or more elements that are chemically combined.
e.g. H2O, CO2
mixture
consists of two or more different substances, not chemically joined together.
e.g. tea, coffee
what temp does pure water freeze
0 °C
why does impure water freeze at a lower temperature
freezing point depression particles cannot get as close together
describe changes to the particles as they freeze
They loose kinetic energy causing the particles to slow
dependent variable
results
control variable
stay the same
independent variable
change
what’s an ion
an ion is a charged atom with either a positive/ negative charge
how to work out the proton
atomic
how to work out the neutron
mass - atomic
