Che26,p3 Hormones and endocrine system Flashcards

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1
Q

The gonads secrete …..hormones, which are …… and ……

A

sex hormones, testes and ovary

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2
Q

The gonads also have dual jobs, they produce ……… and secrete ………

A

gametes, hormones

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3
Q

How are sex hormones released in the body?

A

Hypothalamus ➡️ Anterior pituitary(FSH)(LH) ➡️ Gonads ➡️ Sex hormones

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4
Q

There are three main types of sex hormones…… …… ……

A

Estrogen, progesterone and androgen

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5
Q

Estrogen, progesterone and androgen are….. hormones

A

sex hormones

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6
Q

Estrogen, progesterone, and androgen are hormones found in both females and males in
A) equal proportions
B) different proportions

A

B) different proportions

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7
Q

Estrogen is high in
A) females B) males

A

A) females

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8
Q

The sex hormone that effect the development of females characteristics is..
A)estrogen B)progesterone C)androgen

A

A) estrogen

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9
Q

The hormone that increases during pregnancy is…
A)estrogen B)progesterone C)androgen

A

B) progesterone

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10
Q

The…… hormone is high in males in the form of ……..

A

Androgen, testosterone

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11
Q

The sex hormone that stimulates the development of male reproductive system and male characteristics, is
A)estrogen B)progesterone C)androgen(testosterone)

A

C)androgen(testosterone)

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12
Q

When a person is genetically male -due to a resistance to male hormones- with female physical characteristics, this person has a condition called ……………..

A

androgen insensitivity syndrome

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13
Q

Another job of ……….. in animals like sea elephants cause male aggression
during mating
A)estrogen B)progesterone C)androgen(testosterone)

A

C) testosterone

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14
Q

In birds, ……… causes increased singing

A

testosterone

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15
Q

In deers, ……… causes development of antlers
A) progesterone
B) testosterone
C) androgen

A

B) testosterone

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16
Q

When there is enough of a certain hormone in the blood, the hypothalamus recieves an order from the anterior pituitary to cease the release of that hormone. This process is called ………

A

Negative feedback

17
Q

Pancreas has dual functions, what are they?

A

Release hormones and digestive enzymes

18
Q

The main function of pancreatic hormones is………

A

regulate blood glucose level

19
Q

The……and……are pancreatic hormones
A) insulin , adrenal
B) insulin , glycogen
C) insulin , glucagon

A

C) insulin, glucagon

20
Q

The insulin and glucagon are also called ………….

A

antagonistic hormones

21
Q

What specific place in pancreas that release pancreatic hormones?

A

Islet of Langerhans

22
Q

Islet of Langerhans also secretes two types of cells ……and …… that secretes insulin and glucagon.
A) beta cells, alpha cells
B) liver cells, muscle cells

A

A) beta cells, alpha cells

23
Q

Beta cells release………that leads to blood sugar decreases
A) insulin
B) glucagon
C) glycogen

A

A) insulin

24
Q

Alpha cells release………that leads to blood sugar increases
A) insulin
B) glucagon
C) glycogen

A

B) glucagon

25
Q

When blood glucose level rising that stimulates the pancreas, which type of cells will release? and this cells will release any hormone?
A) beta cells, insulin
B)alpha cells, glucagon
C) liver and muscle cells, glycogen

A

A) beta cells, insulin

26
Q

……… stimulate nearly all cells to take up glucose then blood glucose level decrease

A

Insulin

27
Q

So after insulin decrease blood glucose level what will happen?

A

stimulus for beta cells diminishes (glucose level at “set point”)

28
Q

Which type of cells that use glucose to form glycogen stores?
A) beta cells
B)alpha cells
C) liver and muscle cells

A

C) liver and muscle cells

29
Q

Declining blood glucose level stimulus the pancreas to release ……… that secretes…………into the blood
A) beta cells, insulin
B)alpha cells, glucagon
C) liver and muscle cells, glycogen

A

B) alpha cells, glucagon

30
Q

How does glucagon increase the blood glucose level?

A

Liver and muscle cells break down stored glycogen and return glucose to the blood

31
Q

So after break down glycogen and return glucose to blood, what will happen?

A

Blood glucose level increases and the stimulus for alpha cells diminishes(glucose level “at set point” )

32
Q

There are ……types of diabetes mellitus, and they are called ……

A

Two, hyperglycaemia

33
Q

In diabetes……… there are no insulin because of pancreas failure to produce insulin
A) type 1
B)type 2

A

A) type 1

34
Q

In diabetes ……… the problem in insulin receptor is not working but pancreas produce insulin normally
A) type 1
B)type 2

A

B) type 2