Ch26,p4 Hormones and endocrine system Flashcards
In what type of diabetes are receptors faulty and the cells are resistant to insulin?
Gestational diabetes.
who does gestational diabetes affect the most?
pregnant women
What problem does gestational diabetes cause? And how does it occur?
a large baby; extra glucose will go to baby
What can cause hypoglycemia?
no food, muscles using too much glucose, pancreas storing too much glucose by producing too much insulin, liver stoping the breakdown of glycogen.
what are the symptoms and treatments of hypoglycemia?
symptoms: thirst, sweat, anger, hunger.
Treatments: eating less sugar and seperate small meals.
from book) what would happen if a person with type 1 diabetes is injected with too much insulin?
hypoglycemia
what part of the adrenal gland is controlled by the nervous system?
adrenal medulla
when is the adrenal medulla triggered?
in cases of physical threat, exposure to extreme cold, and exercise.
what gland releases epinephrine and norepinephrine?
adrenal medulla
what changes in the body once epinephrine is released?
blood preassure, heart rate, breathing rate glucose leves, metabolic rate, and alertness will all increase. While digestive and kidney activities will decrease,
what glands are involved -in order- to lead to the release of corticosteroids?
hypothalamus → anterior pituitary → adrenal cortex
what triggers the release of corticosteroids?
stress
what are the two types of corticosteroids?
glucosteroids and mineralosteroids
when are glucocorticoids released? What do they do?
when glucose levels are low, they will breakdown fat and protien to convert to glucose, in additon to supressing the immune system.
what is the function of mineralocorticoids?
retention of sodium ions and water by kidneys.
