CHD

Question 1

Apoptosis of septum primum is too great, and septum secundum isn’t able to cover foramen. –>Formane oval won’t be able to close.

Answer 1

Atrial septal defect–secundum type

Question 1

Most common CHD. Left to right shunt

Answer 1

Ventricular Septal Defect

Question 2

RV–>Aorta LV–>Pulmonary Vein

Answer 2

Transposition of the Great Vessels

Question 3

Aorticopulmonary septum does not form. Common outflow. Common outflow from R & L ventricle (oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mixing). Cyanotic shunt.

Answer 3

Persistent Tuncus arteriosus

Question 4

Formamen ovale closes in utereo. Child dies in utero

Answer 4

Premature closure of foramen ovale

Question 6

Lack of tricuspid valve. No communication between right atrium and ventricle. Must also have atrial septal and ventricular septal default to live. Cyanotic.

Answer 6

Tricupsid atresia

Question 7

Incomplete fusion of the endocardial fusion with atrial septum. Results in large communicating hole between all chambers of the heart. Oxygenated blood mixes with deoxygenated blood–>hypoxia. Left to right shunting.

Answer 7

Persistent atrio-ventricular canal Atrioventricular Septal Defect

Question 8

Heart primarily or totally outside thorax

Answer 8

Ectopia Cordis

Question 9

Cyanotic CHD. Ventricular septum incomplete. Results in mixing between L & R ventricles. 1) Pulmonary artery stenosis; 2) overriding aorta, 3) ventricular septal defect; 4) RVH

Answer 9

Tetralogy of Fallot

Question 10

Septum primum doesn’t close (go all the way to the endocardial cushion). Results in left to right shunting. Acyanotic.

Answer 10

Atrial septal defect–primum type.

Question 11

Incomplete fusion of the endocardial fusion with atrial septum. Results in large communicating hole between all chambers of the heart. Oxygenated blood mixes with deoxygenated blood–>hypoxia. Left to right shunting.

Answer 11

Persistent atrio-ventricular canal Atrioventricular Septal Defect