chater 12

Question 1

Consists of individuals and firms involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by consumers or industrial users.

Answer 1

marketing channel

Question 2

Allow consumers to buy products by interacting with various print or electronic media without a face-to-face meeting with a salesperson.

Answer 2

direct to consumer marketing channels

Question 3

The blending of different communication and delivery channels that are mutually reinforcing in attracting, retaining, and building relationships with
consumers who shop and buy in traditional intermediaries and online.
Sometimes called omnichannel marketing.

Answer 3

multichannel marketing

Question 4

A level of distribution density whereby a firm tries to place its products and services in as many outlets as possible.

Answer 4

intensive distribution

Question 5

Professionally managed and centrally coordinated marketing channels
designed to achieve channel economies and maximum marketing impact.

Answer 5

vertical marketing systems

Question 6

A level of distribution density whereby only one retailer in a specific geographic area carries the firm’s products.

Answer 6

exclusive distribution

Question 7

A level of distribution density whereby a firm selects a few retailers in a specific geographic area to carry its products.

Answer 7

selective distribution

Question 8

Arises when one channel member believes another channel member is engaged in behavior that prevents it from achieving its goals.

Answer 8

channel conflict

Question 9

A source of channel conflict that occurs when a channel member bypasses another member and sells or buys products direct.

Answer 9

disintermediation

Question 10

Those activities that focus on getting the right amount of the right products to the right place at the right time at the lowest possible cost.

Answer 10

logistics

Question 11

The various firms involved in performing the activities required to create and deliver a product or service to consumers or industrial users.

Answer 11

supply chain

Question 12

The tendency for supply chain managers at different levels of the supply chain to
exaggerate the need to increase or decrease inventory in response to
variation or lack of predictability in customer demand.

Answer 12

bullwhip effect

Question 13

The expenses associated with transportation, materials handling and warehousing, inventory, stockouts (being out of inventory), order processing, and return products handling.

Answer 13

total logistics cost

Question 14

The ability of logistics management to satisfy users in terms of time, dependability, communication, and convenience.

Answer 14

customer service

Question 15

An inventory management system whereby the supplier determines the product amount and assortment a customer (such as a retailer)
needs and automatically delivers the appropriate
items.

Answer 15

vendor-managed inventory
(VMI)

Question 16

A process of reclaiming recyclable and reusable materials, returns, and reworks from the point of consumption or use for repair, remanufacturing, redistribution, or disposal.

Answer 16

reverse logistics