characteristics of post modern western cities

Question 1

french geographers show frogs beautiful interesting garden dance parties

Answer 1

fragmentation
globalisation
stimulation
fortification
beautification
information
gentrification
decentralisation
privatisation

Question 2

fragmentation

Answer 2

cities are more ethnically diverse, but social and cultural inequalities and segrigation are more common, leading to the formation of disporas

Question 3

globalisation

Answer 3

shops, services and businesses are global brands and companies rather than local

Question 4

simulation

Answer 4

architecture becomes an expression of art in PMWC so buildings often simulate the cities heritage or other famous buildings/places

Question 5

fortification

Answer 5

security is key in PMWCs so fortress landscapes are often common

Question 6

beautification

Answer 6

architecture is more an expression of art than function in PMWCs. it is very varied with decorative ornamentation more common, often linked to the heritage of the city

Question 7

information

Answer 7

PMWCs are dominated by the service and knowledge economies - many people are employed in these sectors, with global companies commonly located in these cities

Question 8

gentrification

Answer 8

this is a common process leading to change in the social landscape of cities, it also contributes to the increased polarisation between people in cities in terms of wealth and access to services

Question 9

decentralisation

Answer 9

edge cities are commonly associated with PMWCs, especially as the term was first used in North America to describe cities such as Los Angeles

Question 10

privatisation

Answer 10

cities are becoming more privately owned. this could be public space, streets, squares or shopping centres