Chapters 9 & 10 Study Guide Flashcards
• CDC
o Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- guidelines recommend that health care practitioners wear gloves, eye masks, gowns and other protective equipment when performing such task as capillary puncture, phlebotomy, pelvic exams, minor suturing, throat culture and when performing tasks that do not involve direct contact with blood, body fluids or tissues.
Apart of the US Health and Human Services department
Provides a broad public health role
Mission is to protect America from health , safety and security threats, both foreign and in the US where disease start at home or abroad, are chronic or acute, curable or preventable, human error or deliberate attack, CDC fights disease and supports communities and citizens to do the same..”
• OSHA standards
o the organization that is charged with writing and enforcing compulsory(required by law) standards for health and safety in the workplace
Standards Cover Four areas of employment
- General industry
- Maritime (sea)
- Construction
- Agriculture
And Include o Regulations for the physical workplace o Machinery and equipment o Materials o Power sources o Processing o Protective clothing o First aid o Workplace administration o Record keeping requirements o Whistle blower protection
• Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
o This act prohibits child labor and the firing of employees for excising their rights under the acts wage and hour standards. It also provides for overtime pay and minimum wage.
• Wagner Act of 1935
o This act makes it illegal to discriminate in hiring or firing because of union membership or organization activities
• The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act
o A federal law passed in 1986 that created a no-fault compensation program for citizens injured or killed by vaccines as an alternative to suing vaccine manufacturers and providers
• CLIA Act AKA Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments
o Federal Statues passed that established minimum quality standards for all laboratory testing
• Laci and Conner’s Act//AKA The Unborn Victims of Violence Act
o The act provides for the prosecution of anyone who causes injury to or the death of a fetus in utero in cases in which the federal government has jurisdiction. It also states that “the punishment for the separate offense is the same as the punishment provided under federal law for the conduct had that injury or death occurred to the unborn child’s mother.”
• OSHA Ionizing Radiation Standard
o This standard applies to all medical and dental offices that have X-ray machines.
Requirements under this standard include
Preparing a survey of all types of radiation used, including x-rays
Setting aside restricted areas where employees can limit exposures
Providing personal radiation monitors such as film badges or pocket dosimeters for employees to wear
Using caution signs to label those rooms and equipment where exposure could occur
• General Duty Clause
o A section of the Hazard Communication Standard stating that any equipment that may pose a health risk must be specified as a hazard.
• The role of the medical examiner
o a physician who investigates suspicious or unexplained deaths in a community. As a physician, the medical examiner can order and perform autopsies.
• The role of the coroner
o a public official who investigates and holds inquest over those who die from unknown or violent causes; he or she may or may not be a physician depending on state law.
o The purposed of a coroner’s inquest is to gather evidence that may be used by the police in the investigation of a violent or suspicious death. It is not a trial, but it is a criminal proceeding, in the nature of preliminary investigation.
• Federalism
o The sharing of power among national, state, and local governments.
• Public health statutes and citations
o physicians, other health care practitioners, and any one who has knowledge of a case must report to county or state health agencies the occurrence of certain diseases that could threaten the health and well-being of the population
o Statues
Guarding against unsanitary conditions in public facilities
Inspecting establishments where food and drink are processed and sold
Exterminating pests and vermin that can spread disease
Checking water supply
Setting up measures of control for certain diseases
Requiring physicians, school nurses, and other health care workers to file certain reports for the protection of citizens
o Citations
Require investigations be conducted in infectious disease outbreaks
Make childhood vaccinations a condition for school entry
Ban the distribution of free cigarette samples around schools or in areas where children congregate
Institute smoking bans or restrictions
Involuntary detain (quarantine) individuals who have certain infectious diseases
Seize and or destroy property to contain the threat of toxic substance
• Which sexual disease(s) are required by states for the notification of past and present sexual partners?
o Reportable STIs differ with states but generally include Gonorrhea Syphilis Chlamydia Lymphogranuloma venereum Chancroid Granuloma inguiale (genital warts) Scabies Pubic lice trichomoniasis
• FDA (The Food and Drug Administration)
o An agency within the department of health and human services
- tests and approves drugs before releasing them for public use.
- This agency also oversees drug quality and standardization
- Oversees the recall of drugs
o FDA & CDC as well as state and local and public health officials have responsibility for warning the public about food recalls.
-Both federal and state government regulate the sale and use of certain drugs.
