chapters 7-9 test

Question 0

most effective fear arrousing message

Answer 0

offers a solution to deal with the problem

Question 1

sleeper effect

Answer 1

sharing of information that is forgotten, but when situation is experienced again; advice is heeded

Question 2

two step flow of communication

Answer 2

persuade opinion leaders who will then influence their friends / family / peers

Question 3

when should one volunteer to give a persuasive speech?

Answer 3

first

Question 4

primacy effect is

Answer 4

less common than recency effect

Question 5

persuasive advertisers tend to…

Answer 5

focus on children because they are easier to suade and children can convince the money holders

Question 6

analytical people who enjoy thinking show…

Answer 6

a high need for cognition

Question 7

which type of persuasion influence is most effective?

Answer 7

face to face

Question 8

credibility is

Answer 8

perceived expertise and trustworthiness

Question 9

best way to build resistance to brainwashing?

Answer 9

attitude inoculation; to help them prepare counter persuasive appeals

Question 10

a friend describes someone to you as; stubborn, intelligent and kind. What is your first impression?

Answer 10

likely to have a negative impression because of the negative attribute first

Question 11

persuasion with ulterior negative connotation is…

Answer 11

propaganda

Question 12

persuasion with a positive motive is…

Answer 12

education

Question 13

a message that is least persuasive is…

Answer 13

a message that appears to be designed to change our attitude

Question 14

persuasion is

Answer 14

the process by which a message induces attitude change

Question 15

which strategy will help one win an election?

Answer 15

repeated media exposure

Question 16

people are more likely to be persuaded by a communicator who is…

Answer 16

similar to them

Question 17

central route

Answer 17

targeted persuasion method for those who are naturally analytical / highly involving

Question 18

peripheral route

Answer 18

persuasion tactic used for those who are not engaged with the information / those who tend to make snap judgement calls

Question 19

social psychologists study persuasion by…

Answer 19

brief controlled experiments

Question 20

attitude inoculation

Answer 20

technique used to resists others persuasive arguments

Question 21

can social loafing be reduced?

Answer 21

yes, by making individual work identifiable

Question 22

phenomenon of risky shift…

Answer 22

group decisions often encourage riskier actions than individual decisions

Question 23

social facilitation

Answer 23

the tendency for the presence of others to either enhance or impair an individual’s performanc

Question 24

minority influence

Answer 24

one person in a group influences the other members in the group

Question 25

group polorization

Answer 25

when members in a group interact, but instead of changing their minds about a topic; their original ideas become strengthened and more adamant

Question 26

evaluation apprehension

Answer 26

can cause self consciousness, which can interfere with behaviors that we perform best automatically

Question 27

a co-actor is…

Answer 27

a co-participant working individually on a noncompetitive activity

Question 28

symptoms of groupthink

Answer 28

a collective form of dissonance reduction

Question 29

groupthink characteristics

Answer 29

an amiable and cohesive group / relative isolation of the group from dissenting view points / a directive leader who signals what she favors

Question 30

social loafing is

Answer 30

The perceived lack of interests upon an individual. Suppressed social / public emotional / physical arousal

Question 31

to avoid groupthink one should…

Answer 31

encourage critical evaluation

Question 32

Triplett; social facilitation referred…

Answer 32

only to improved performance

Question 33

deindividuation is…

Answer 33

losing the sense of ones awareness; because of ones environment

Question 34

what are the two group influences?

Answer 34

informational and normative

Question 35

evaluation apprehension

Answer 35

theory of social facilitation when your audience can not see you performing a task

Question 36

ingham ‘74 found that students pulled on the rope hardest when…

Answer 36

they believed they were pulling alone

Question 37

directive leadership is…

Answer 37

associated with poorer decisions because subordinates sometimes feel too weak or insecure to speak up

Question 38

task leadership…

Answer 38

focuses on goals / standards / organization

Question 39

social leadership…

Answer 39

focuses on team building / mediates conflict / supports others

Question 40

just world hypothesis can be described as…

Answer 40

When misfortunes befalls a person, we sometimes think the victim of the circumstances deserved what happened.

Question 41

Greenwald and his colleagues (2003) asked both Black and White participants to press a “shoot” button when the target appeared to be holding a gun (rather than a harmless object such as a flashlight). Their results showed that all participants mistakenly shot at more targets who were…

Answer 41

black…….smh

Question 42

Stereotype threat involves…

Answer 42

Cognitive dissent regarding self consciousness and underperformance performing social tasks

Question 43

People high in social dominance orientation tend to support policies that _______ hierarchies and oppose policies that _______ hierarchies.

Answer 43

maintain and undermine

Question 44

realistic conflict theory

Answer 44

based on competition for resources

Question 45

social identity theory

Answer 45

based on a need to see one’s group as better”” ; person’s sense of who they are based on their group membership(s). Tajfel (1979) proposed that the groups (e.g. social class, family, football team etc.) which people belonged to were an important source of pride and self-esteem.

Question 46

Outgroup bias is strongest when

Answer 46

people are within their own group

Question 47

automatic processing…

Answer 47

involves primitive areas of the brain associated with fear

Question 48

ethnocentric

Answer 48

believing in the superiority of ones own ethnic and cultural group and having a corresponding DISDAIN for all other ethnic groups

Question 49

authoritarian

Answer 49

favoring or enforcing strict obedience to authority, especially that of the government, at the expense of personal freedom

Question 50

social dominance theory…

Answer 50

motivation to have ones own group dominate over all other social groups

Question 51

stereotype is a…

Answer 51

generalization

Question 52

outgroup homogeneity effect can be described as…

Answer 52

we (ingroup) are all unique / individuals, whilst they (outgroup) are all the same

Question 53

terror management theory

Answer 53

peoples self perspective emotional and cognitive responses when confronted with reminders of their mortality

Question 54

subtyping

Answer 54

accommodating individuals who deviate from ones stereotype by thinking of them as the “exception:

Question 55

prejudices…

Answer 55

tend to be multiple attitudes towards multiple groups

Question 56

sterotypes

Answer 56

beliefs, which stems from natural human categorization; experiences may differ

Question 57

those who are overweight tend to experience the most discrimination in the workplace; true or false?

Answer 57

true

Question 58

ingroup bias is known as…

Answer 58

the favoring of ones own group to a vindictive extent

Question 59

discrimination…

Answer 59

can be defined as negative behaviors toward a member of a group

Question 60

Jane Elliot

Answer 60

Blue eye V. Brown eye study of inoculating children with stereotypical beliefs forming prejudiced attitudes (similar to the racial tension brought through colonization), which brings about discriminatory behavior towards the collard”” group etc…

Question 61

evaluation apprehension

Answer 61

theory of social facilitation when your audience can not see you performing a task, but you still react differently (positive or negative)