Chapters 7-9

Question 0

What was the single most popular style of music in American history?

Answer 0

Big band swing

Question 1

When was the big band swing/jazz era?

Answer 1

1930-1945

Question 2

Typical wind section of big band:

Answer 2

5 trumpets, 4 saxophones, and 4 trombones.

Question 3

Typical rhythm section of a big band:

Answer 3

Piano, string bass, guitar, drumset

Question 4

Optional in big band:

Answer 4

1-5 vocals, 5-20 strings.

Question 5

Typical big band lyrics were:

Answer 5

“Fun,” romantic.

Question 6

Big band had what two new positions?

Answer 6

Composer and arranger

Question 7

Why was big band complex?

Answer 7

It was 80% composed, 20% improv, because the bands were so big, they had to be more organized.

Question 8

How did the big band era begin and end?

Answer 8

It began with the Great Depression and ended with WWII.

Question 9

How was big band heard?

Answer 9

It was for dance/entertainment, and was heard via live performance, live radio, radio, records, movies.

Question 10

Who was William “Count” Basie?

Answer 10

Count Basie was a band leader and pianist, used swing feel, excellent improv, and both sweet and avant garde music. Big band era.

Question 11

What is walking bass?

Answer 11

A bass line played on every beat

Question 12

What is a drum kick?

Answer 12

When the drum accents the melody?

Question 13

What is a drum fill?

Answer 13

When the band stops playing and the drums have a very short solo.

Question 14

What musical era did rapping come from?

Answer 14

Big band era

Question 15

Who was Benny Goodman?

Answer 15

The “King of Swing,” Goodman was band leader and clarinet player with a high level of musicality. Played sweet music, broke band segregation. Big Band era.

Question 16

Who was Glenn Miller?

Answer 16

Band leader and trombone player, most popular musician of the big band era. Sweet music, used more vocals and visuals. Died in 1944 in a big military cover-up.

Question 17

When were jukeboxes primarily in use?

Answer 17

1930s-1960s

Question 18

Who were the Andrew sisters?

Answer 18

A vocal trio from the Big Band WWII era, who volunteered and made movies for the military.

Question 19

Who was Ella Fitzgerald?

Answer 19

A singer from the big band WWII Era known for her ultra high quality singing, able to break glass, and scat sing.

Question 20

Who was Billie Holiday?

Answer 20

Singer from the WWII Big Band era who had a delicate sound, sung lots of ballads.

Question 21

When did Big Band end and why?

Answer 21

1945, due to WWII

Question 22

When was there no predominant popular style?

Answer 22

1945-1955

Question 23

When was The Bop era?

Answer 23

1945-1950

Question 24

Why was bop unpopular?

Answer 24

Because of a recording strike, and it’s sudden introduction, and it’s art style that was not danceable

Question 25

What was bop?

Answer 25

Small ensemble, ABA (20% composed, 80% improv), no vocals.

Question 26

Who was Charlie Parker?

Answer 26

Sax player and composer from the bop era known as “Bird,” he was a top improviser.

Question 27

Who was Dizzy Gillespie?

Answer 27

Trumpet player, band leader and composer from the bop era.

Question 28

When was the cool jazz era?

Answer 28

1950-1955

Question 29

What was cool jazz?

Answer 29

Art music, very controlled, mellow, mix of jazz and classical due to the GI bill. Medium ensemble, alternating composed and improv. Odd meters.

Question 30

What two new techs came out during the cool jazz era?

Answer 30

Long plane records and fm radio stations allowed for longer songs.

Question 31

Who was Miles Davis?

Answer 31

Trumpet player, band leader and composer from the cool jazz era, was always finding new styles and was anti audience.

Question 32

Who was Dave Brubeck?

Answer 32

Pianist and band leader from the cool jazz era, used lots of odd meters.