Chapters 10-17

Question 0

what were the three major styles of 1945-1956?

Answer 0

Pop, R&B, Country & Western.

Question 1

What was Sun Records?

Answer 1

Independent record company that started Elvis, Jerry Lee Lewis. The mixing pot that rock came out of.

Question 2

What was a 45?

Answer 2

a small record that could only hold two songs.

Question 3

what was “Pop”?

Answer 3

Major label, international, heard everywhere, dance/ent. Conservative, vocals featured, big band instrumentation but with no jazz.

Question 4

What was “R&B”?

Answer 4

Independent labels, dance/ent. Jazz-oriented, came directly out of big band but simplified the rhythms. Introduced “shout” singing, all topics, some controversy. Urban-not heard in small towns. First style to feature electric guitar.

Question 5

What was the Country & Western style?

Answer 5

Independent labels, dance/ent. Lyrical vocals, conservative “real life” lyrics, acoustic folk-style. Heard in rural areas.

Question 6

Who was Frank Sinatra?

Answer 6

Started as a Pop singer, then moved to r&b (jazz) singing. Credited with changing the focus of music from the instruments to the voice.

Question 7

Who was Louis Jordan?

Answer 7

R&B shout vocalist, sax, composer, dancer. Visuals, wanted the audience to have fun.

Question 8

Who was Cab Calloway?

Answer 8

R&B musician, liked fun, visuals.

Question 9

Who was Ray Charles?

Answer 9

R&B, shout singer, used big bands, liked background singers

Question 10

Who was Louis Prima?

Answer 10

R&B, liked fun, visuals.

Question 11

What was the most popular dance style from 1945-1956?

Answer 11

The jitterbug was still the most popular dance style in the pop, r&b and c&w era.

Question 12

what happened on 2-10-56?

Answer 12

“Rock’s birthday,” when “Heartbreak Hotel” sung by Elvis was released on the airwaves.

Question 13

What did pop, r&b and c&w each contribute to the first styles of rock?

Answer 13

Pop: major labels, vocal focus, lyrics. R&B: Songs, shout singing, electric guitar. C&W: Musicians, country click.

Question 14

Who was Sam Phillips?

Answer 14

Manager of Sun Records, discovered Elvis, encouraged all styles of music which resulted in the melting pot that rock came out of.

Question 15

What was “Rockabilly”?

Answer 15

First rock style, combo of R&B (electric guitar, songs, shout singing) and C&W (acoustic guitar, musicians, country click). Birth of “rhythm” and “lead” guitar. Carl Perkins and Elvis, who took over for Carl, started here.

Question 16

What was “Blackbeard Jungle”?

Answer 16

A movie made for the newly invented “teenager” with music done by Bill Haley and the Comets.

Question 17

Who was rock’s audience?

Answer 17

12-16 yr olds.

Question 18

What new tech advance greatly affected early rock?

Answer 18

Television

Question 19

How much of rock music were covers?

Answer 19

80-90%

Question 20

who was Richard Penniman?

Answer 20

“Little Richard” pianist, shout singer, limited composer-used the same patterns. Controversial, gibberish lyrics. Visuals, introduced falsetto, trademark was short vocal intro.

Question 21

Who was Chuck Berry?

Answer 21

First major electric guitar soloist, very chordal. Shout singer, very visual, composed songs teens could relate to, musical trademark was guitar intro.

Question 22

Who was Elvis Presley?

Answer 22

shout and lyrical singer, “package product”. 1st career as a musician before the millitary, as tv and movie actor after. Ed Sullivan TV show.

Question 23

Who was Jerry Lee Lewis?

Answer 23

1956-59, rock pianist, shout singer, controversial. “Killer.” sun records.

Question 24

Who was Buddy Holly?

Answer 24

very young composer, guitar player, singer. his songs focused on teen topics. his band was called “the crickets.”

Question 25

who were the Everly Brothers?

Answer 25

a vocal dou, solidified the focus on vocals in rock.

Question 26

What was the “Teen Idol” style?

Answer 26

late 50s-early 60s, Every major label, rock’s first manufactured style, teen vocalists, audience was 12-16 yr old girls. No controversy.

Question 27

who was Paul Anka?

Answer 27

Teen idol style, had his first hit at 15 which he wrote himself. toured internationally.

Question 28

Who was frankie avalon?

Answer 28

teen idol style, had his first hit at 16

Question 29

Who was Neil Sedaka?

Answer 29

teen idol style, was going to be a classical pianist, composed his own songs, liked to sing all the parts himself.

Question 30

What was “american bandstand?”

Answer 30

tv show for teens that started in 1958, excellent way to broadcast new music.

Question 31

What was the Twist?

Answer 31

Most popular 1960-1963, a dance style that sparked a music genre that focused on the dance. “Dance craze.”

Question 32

Who was Chubby Checker?

Answer 32

Twist style, singer.

Question 33

What was the “Southern California”style?

Answer 33

1960-1965, 1st fad/fantasy/surf lifestyle, 1st very complex vocally. Fun lyrics, basic instrumentation.

Question 34

What was the SoCal sound vocal parts?

Answer 34

Main melody, counter melody in falsetto, and multi-part harmony.

Question 35

what was the socal guitar sound?

Answer 35

Mix of Chuck Berry’s chordal and Dick Dale’s melodic.

Question 36

who were the beach boys?

Answer 36

Socal style, led by Brian Wilson.

Question 37

What was the folk rock style?

Answer 37

1960-1965, art music, 18 yrs +, first rock style for adults. Acoustic, high quality lyrics, any serious topic, made for discussion.

Question 38

what was folk rock’s 1st phase?

Answer 38

1960-63 college students, it was hard to market

Question 39

What was folk rock’s 2nd phase?

Answer 39

1963-65m heard nationally, more refined sound and image.

Question 40

Who was Robert Zimmerman?

Answer 40

Bob Dylan, folk rock 1st phase, composer, poet, continued on to start electric folk rock.

Question 41

Who was Peter, Paul and Mary?

Answer 41

folk rock group, phase 2, smooth singing style, very marketable.