Chapters 6-7

Question 0

Interdependence

Answer 0

Relying on each other and having a mutual impact on each other

Question 1

Interpersonal relationships

Answer 1

Associations between at least two people who are interdependent, use consistent patterns of interaction and have interacted for an extended period of time

Question 2

Complementary relationship

Answer 2

Relationships in which each person supplies something the other person or persons lack

Question 3

Symmetrical relationships

Answer 3

Relationships in which participants mirror each other or are highly similar

Question 4

Self-disclosure

Answer 4

The process of making intentional revelations about yourself that others would be unlikely to know and that generally constitute private, sensitive, or confidential information.

Question 5

Relational development

Answer 5

In knapps model the process by which relationships grow

Question 6

Stage 1: Initiating

Answer 6

Short beginning period of interaction involving first impressions and finding commonality.

Question 7

Stage 2: experimenting

Answer 7

Two people have clearly decided to find out more about each other and share personal information at a safe level: what music, people, classes, professors and food they like or dislike.

Question 8

Stage 3: intensifying

Answer 8

Involve active participation, mutual concern, and an awareness that the relationship is developing because neither party has quit and both people are encouraging it’s development.

Question 9

Stage 4: integrating

Answer 9

Means the two people start mirroring each other in behavior, manner, dress and language. Merge social circles, designate common property and share interests and values.

Question 10

Stage 5: Bonding

Answer 10

Occurs when two people commit to each other. May exchange personal items or public ritual or vow to be friends for life.

Question 11

Relational maintenance

Answer 11

In Knapps model the process of keeping a relationship together

Question 12

Dialectic

Answer 12

The tension that exists between two conflicting or interacting forces, elements, or ideas.

Question 13

Contradictions in dialectic theory

Answer 13

The idea that each person in a relationship might have two opposing desires for maintaining the relationship.
Ex. Integration, Separation, Stability, Change, Expression, Privacy

Question 14

Relationship deterioration

Answer 14

Process by which relationships disintegrate

Question 15

Stage 1: differentiating

Answer 15

Occurs when the two partners start emphasizing their individual differences instead of their similarities.

Question 16

Stage 2: circumscribing

Answer 16

Characterized by decreased interaction, shorter times together and less depth to sharing

Question 17

Stage 3: stagnating

Answer 17

Suggests a lack of activity, especially a lack of activity together. Interactions are minimal, functional and only for convenience.

Question 18

Stage 4: avoiding

Answer 18

Brings reluctance to interact, active avoidance and even hostility. The two are now getting in each others way and seeing each other as an obstacle. The amount of talk may increase but the content and intent are negative.

Question 19

Stage 5: terminating

Answer 19

Occurs when the two people are no longer seen by others or themselves as a pair. They increasingly dissociate, share nothing, claim common goods, and give back or get rid of the symbols of togetherness. Divorce, annulment, and dissolution are manifestations of this stage, as are people who no longer live together, former friends who have nothing to do with each other, and roommates who take separate and distant quarters.

Question 20

Proximity

Answer 20

The location, distance or range between persons and things

Question 21

Attractiveness

Answer 21

A concept that includes physical attractiveness, how desirable a person is to work with, and how much “social value” the person has for others.

Question 22

Responsiveness

Answer 22

The idea that we tend to select our friends and loved ones from people who demonstrate positive interest in us.

Question 23

Similarity

Answer 23

The idea that our friends and loved ones are usually people who like or dislike the same things we do.

Question 24

Complementarity

Answer 24

The idea that we sometimes bond with people whose strengths are out weaknesses.

Question 25

Hurtful messages

Answer 25

Messages that create emotional pain or upset

Question 26

Deceptive communication

Answer 26

The practice of deliberately making somebody believe things that are not true

Question 27

Aggressiveness

Answer 27

Assertion of one’s rights at the expense of others and care about one’s own needs but no one else’s.

Question 28

Defensiveness

Answer 28

Occurs when a person feels attacked.

Question 29

Compliance-gaining

Answer 29

Those attempts made by a source of messages to influence a target “to perform some desired behavior that the target otherwise might not perform.”

Question 30

Compliance-resisting

Answer 30

The refusal of targets of influence messages to comply with requests.

Question 31

Personal idioms

Answer 31

Inside jokes

Question 32

Rituals

Answer 32

Formalized patterns of actions or words followed regularly.

Question 33

Bargaining

Answer 33

The process in which two or more parties attempt to reach an agreement on what each should give and receive in a transaction between them.

Question 34

Behavioral flexibility

Answer 34

The ability to alter behavior to adapt to new situations and to relate in new ways when necessary.

Question 35

Androgynous

Answer 35

Refers to a person who possesses stereotypically female and male characteristics.

Question 36

assimilation goal

Answer 36

The marginalized group attempts to fit in with the dominant group.

Question 37

Accommodation goal

Answer 37

The marginalized group manages to keep co-cultural identity while striving for positive relationships with the dominant culture.

Question 38

Separation goal

Answer 38

The marginalized group relates as exclusively as possible with its own group and as little as possible with the dominant group.

Question 39

Ethnocentrism

Answer 39

The belief that your own group or culture is superior to other groups or cultures.

Question 40

Cultural relativism

Answer 40

The belief that another culture should be judged by its own context rather than measured against your culture.

Question 41

Prejudice

Answer 41

A negative attitude toward a group of people just because they are who they are.

Question 42

Individualistic cultures

Answer 42

Cultures that value individual freedom, choice, uniqueness and independence.

Question 43

Collectivist cultures

Answer 43

Cultures that value the group over the individual.

Question 44

Uncertainty-accepting cultures

Answer 44

Cultures that tolerate ambiguity, uncertainty, and diversity.

Question 45

Implicit-rule culture

Answer 45

A culture in which information and cultural rules are implied and already known to the participants.

Question 46

Explicit-rule culture

Answer 46

A culture in which information, policies, procedures, and expectations are explicit.

Question 47

M-time

Answer 47

The monochromic time schedule, which compartmentalizes time to meet personal needs, separate task and social dimensions, and points to the future. Dominant in Canada, US, and Northern Europe.

Question 48

P-time

Answer 48

Polychronic time schedule which views time as contextually based and relationally oriented.” Latin America, Middle East, Asia, France, Africa and Greece.