Chapters 3,4,5,6,7

Question 1

As the vocal tract moves from its position for the consonant to a following vowel, there are very brief influences on the formants at the beginning of the vowel. The change of frequency is called:

Answer 1

formant transition

Question 2

A temporal overlap of articulatory movements for different phoneme is called:

Answer 2

co-articulation

Question 3

A unit of speech consisting of a single vowel or a vowel and one or more consonants

Answer 3

syllable

Question 4

People with dysarthria have particular difficulty in producing

Answer 4

all of the above

Question 5

_________is the strong burst of air that accompanies either the release or the closure of some obstruents.

Answer 5

aspiration

Question 6

Which muscle is primarily responsible for closing the velophayngeal port?

Answer 6

levator palatini

Question 7

Which of the sound is made by sudden release of air impounded behind an occlusion in the vocal tract?

Answer 7

/p/

Question 8

For the production of nasal consonants to occur…

Answer 8

the velum must be low

Question 9

the resonant consonants include

Answer 9

liquids, glides, and nasals

Question 10

Which sound(s) is produced by forcing the air stream through a narrow articulatory constriction?

Answer 10

/f/ /s/

Question 11

In speech we speak during stage of forced exhalation lung volume

Answer 11

false

Question 12

A change in the articulation of a speech sound that makes it more similar to the articulation of a neighboring sound

Answer 12

assimilation

Question 13

3 kinds of air pressure during speech production

Answer 13

1. intraoral pressure/ supra-glottal
2. subglottal air pressure
3. intra-pleural pressure

Question 14

a mode of initiate voicing in which the vocal folds are tightly adducted at onset

Answer 14

glottal attack

Question 15

the most important/essential articulator in the mouth is

Answer 15

the tongue

Question 16

a graph displays 3 dimension of Hz and time as well as intensity

Answer 16

sound spectrogram

Question 17

a graph displays dB vs time on a horizontal line

Answer 17

waveform

Question 18

the vocal tract produces ____ and the vocal cord generates ____

Answer 18

format frequency; fundamental frequency

Question 19

frequency and intensity are physical characteristics of sound. Their respective psychological correlates are

Answer 19

pitch and loudness

Question 20

vocal fold vibrations emit both fundamental frequency and _____ frequencies

Answer 20

harmonic

Question 21

according to myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation, fundamental frequency is determined by

Answer 21

elasticity, tension, and mass of the vocal folds

Question 22

the length of the average adult male vocal tract is 13 cm

Answer 22

false

Question 23

frontal and parietal lobes are separated by the fissures of sylvius

Answer 23

false; fissure of rolando

Question 24

neural stimulation of a muscle fiber produces an electrical charge of an

Answer 24

action potential

Question 25

areas for higher cognitive function and language

Answer 25

cerebral hemisphere

Question 26

neurons that carry impulses from the central nervous system to the periphery of the body

Answer 26

motor/efferent

Question 27

neurons that carry impulses from the periphery sense organs of the body to the central nervous system

Answer 27

sensory/afferent

Question 28

neural impulses are conducted away from the cell body

Answer 28

axon

Question 29

Neural impulses are conducted towards the cell body

Answer 29

dendrites

Question 30

During inspiration, the lungs expand, causing the air to flow from the mouth to the lungs with the glottis relatively open

During expiration, the lungs decrease the size, pushing the air from the lungs toward the mouth.

For most languages phonation (the production of sounds) occurs during expiration.

Answer 30

All true

Question 31

3 major cartilages of the larynx:

Answer 31

Thyroid cartilage: encloses the larynx anteriorly
Cricoid cartilage: top ring of trachea; supports arytenoids
Arytenoid cartilages: paired pyramidal structures; vocal processes run forward to attach to vocal folds

Question 32

rotates arytenoids and separates vocal folds and abducts

Answer 32

posterior cricoarytenoid muscles

Question 33

the vowel ___ is characterized by a relatively high first formant frequency

Answer 33

/a/

Question 34

the vowel ___ is characterized by a relatively high second formant frequency

Answer 34

/i/

Question 35

the larger a vocal tract is, the ___ the resonant frequencies

Answer 35

lower

Question 36

the intrinsic tongue muscle that raises the tongue tip

Answer 36

superior longitudinal

Question 37

muscle encircles the lips /p/ /w/ /m/ /b/

Answer 37

orbicularis oris

Question 38

closes velopharyngeal port

Answer 38

levator palatini

Question 39

during speech production, inhalation time usually exceeds exhalation time

Answer 39

false

Question 40

boyles law

Answer 40

volume increases(inhale) while pressure decreases or volume decreases(exhale) while pressure increases

Question 41

extrinsic muscle of the tongue

Answer 41

genioglossus
styloglossus
hyoglossus
palataoglossus

Question 42

free flowing of air with limited obstruction; mouth only

Answer 42

vowels

Question 43

many points of obstruction before sound is formed with an exception of the semi-vowels; mouth and nose

Answer 43

Consonants

Question 44

the functions overlaid on the segments of speech including stress junction and intonation

Answer 44

suprasegmentals