Chapters 1,2,12 Flashcards
study of sound
acoustics
consists of only one frequency
pure tone
moves back and forth a fixed number of times per second, no matter how hard the turning fork is struck
simple harmonic motion
tendency for motion or lack of motion to continue
inertia
force that causes a deformed structure to resume its original shape
elasticity
speed of an object
velocity
Absolute value of a maximum displacement from a zero value during one period of an oscillation
amplitude
number of completed cycles per second
frequency
time taken for each cycle
period of vibration
particle movement is in the same direction as wave movement
longitudinal wave
waves seen radiating from tossing a stone or dipping a finger into water
transverse waves
needed for production of sound
- source of energy
- vibrating sound
- medium of transmission
generates more than one frequency
complex tones
pattern of vibration repeats itself exactly overtime
periodic soundwaves
vibration is random and displays no repeated pattern
aperiodic soundwaves
number of vibratory cycles per second
frequency
listeners perception of frequency changes and differences
pitch
what abbreviation does pitch use
mels
is pitch physical or psychological?
psychological
abbreviation frequency uses
Hz
is frequency physical or psychological
physical
causes sound wave to move down
rarefaction
the larger the disturbance or displacement of the indivual particles the greater is the height of its graph above amplitude
true
what determines loudness
amplitude
greater frequeny has
higher pitch
range of hearing
20-20,000 Hz
range of frequencies most important for perceiving speech
100-5,000Hz
amplitude or the intensity of a sound
Db
Psychological measurement of loudness is sone, where loudness contour is the comparison of different tones to have the same loudness levels is phon.
true
The unit of equal loudness is the
phon
loudness level
sone
speed of sound in air
c=344m/s
wavelength
sound velocity divided by frequency
sound intensity:
decrease inversely as a function of the square of the distance of the source
Why sound travel faster in the steel than water?
steel is more dense
Time horizontally, frequency vertically, intensity by intensity of blackness
spectrogram
What is the speed sound travels at?
340m/s
Sound lower than 20hz
subsonic
sound higher than 20,000hz
supersonic
Wave whose particle motion is perpendicular to the wave movement
transverse
Wave whose particle motion is in the same direction as the wave movement
Longitudinal
simple sound consists of
single frequency
complex sound consist of
multiple frequencies
loudness depends on…
amplitude
pitch depends on…
frequency
quality or timbre depends on…
waveform
x-axis is frequency, y-axis is amplitude
spectrum
velocity/frequency
wavelength
amplitude or the intensity of a sound
dB
the rarefaction part of the soundwave is
where the air pressure is lower than normal, and the molecules are separated
simple sound vibration is
sinewave
multiple frequencies are called
harmonics
graphic representation of the frequency and relative amplitude of the components of complex sounds
spectrum
amplitude x time
waveform
loudness is…
phon
sound pressure of conversation at 3 feet is
60-70dB
unit of measuring pitch
mels
what is the fundamental frequency?
lowest frequency that determines the repetition rate of the pattern
