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World History 9th Grade > Chapters 21 & 22 > Flashcards

Chapters 21 & 22 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the geocentric view?

A

Earth-Centered

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2
Q

What is the heliocentric view?

A

Sun-Centered

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3
Q

Who is Nicolaus Copernicus, and what did he do?

A
  • Mathmetition

- Came up with the heliocentric view.

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4
Q

Who is Johannes Kapler and what did he do?

A
  • Mathmetition

- Confirmed heliocentric view

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5
Q

Who is Galileo Galile, and what did he do?

A
  • Mathmetition
  • Published Starry Messenger
  • Observations with telescope
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6
Q

Who is Issac Newton, and what did he do?

A
  • Mathmetition
  • 3 Laws of Motion
  • Created Calculus
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7
Q

Who is William Harvey, and what did he do?

A
  • Human Anatomy

- Showed heart was the beginning of blood circulation

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8
Q

Who is Andreus Vesalius, and what did he do?

A
  • Human Anatomy

- Described individual organs

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9
Q

Who is Antoine Lavioser, and what did he do?

A
  • Chemist

- Invented periodic table

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10
Q

Who is Margaret Cavendish, and what did she do?

A
  • Philosopher

- Believed humans were masters of nature

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11
Q

Who is Maria Winkleman, and what did she do?

A
  • Astronomy

- Discovered a comet

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12
Q

Who is Rene Descartes and what did he/she do?

A
  • Philosopher

- Combined philosophy & science

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13
Q

What is the Scientific Method?

A

Systematic procedure for analyzing reserch

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14
Q

What are the major ideas of Enlightenment? (8)

A

1) Reason
2) Deism
3) Social Contract
4) Reason
5) Woman’s Rights
6) Natural Law
7) Lassez-Faire
8) Separation of Power

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15
Q

What is separation of powers?

A

The different powers of the government limit and control each other in a system of checks and balances

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16
Q

What is Laissez-Faire?

A

Means “to let people do what they want”

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17
Q

What is Enlightened Absolutism?

A

System in which rulers tried to govern by enlightenment principles, while maintaining full power

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18
Q

Who was the 7 years war originally fought over?

A

Prussia vs. Austria

19
Q

Why was the 7 years war fought?

A

Fought over Austria Silesia

20
Q

Who first joins Prussia in the 7 years war?

A

France

21
Q

Who first joins Austria in the 7 years war?

A

Great Britain

22
Q

What treaty was made in 1748 during the 7 years war?

A

Aix-la-Chapelle

23
Q

What 2 countries switch sides after the treaty?

A

France and Great Britian

24
Q

What 3 countries did battles take place during the 7 years war?

A

1) Europe
2) India
3) North America

25
Q

What treaty made in 1763 that granted all European lands back and force the French out of India?

A

Treaty of Paris

26
Q

What was the major cause of the American revolution?

A
  • Colonists unhappy with Britain

* High taxes because of 7 years war

27
Q

What did the colonists set up because of their anger toward Britian?

A

Continental Congress

28
Q

What was set up that the constitution would later replace?

A

Article of Confederation

29
Q

Why did the Article of Confederation fail?

A
  • Weak gov.

- Unable to deal with the nation’s problems

30
Q

When is the constitution adopted?

A

1787

31
Q

What is the Bill of Rights?

A

First 10 amendments of constitution

32
Q

Who was in the 1st French Estate?

A
  • Clergy

- Powerful & wealthy

33
Q

Who was in the 2nd French Estate?

A
  • Nobles

* High gov. positions

34
Q

Who was in the 3rd French Estate?

A

-Very Poor

35
Q

Who is Louis XVI?

A
  • French King

- Marries Marie Antoinette (Austrian)

36
Q

What is the meeting of the Estates General?

A
  • Each estate meets and votes on issues

- 3rd estate always got voted out

37
Q

What is the National Assembly?

A
  • 3rd estate who disobeys Louis XVI

- Wants a Constitution

38
Q

What is the declaration of Rights of Man?

A
  • Freedom
  • Gov.
  • Role
  • Equality
39
Q

What year constitution sets up a limited monarchy with a legislative assembly?

A

1791

40
Q

What changes took place during the reign of terror?

A
  • De-Christianization
  • Education
  • Abolishment of slavery
41
Q

Who is Napoleon Bonaparte?

A
  • Overthrows the Directory
  • Creates military dictatorship
  • Military success
  • Peace w/ Catholic Church
  • Created Napoleonic code
  • Shut down newspapers & banned books
42
Q

What is the scorched earth policy?

A

Military strategy where armies burn villages and crops so the army coming through will not have any place to stay, and no food to eat

43
Q

What is the Congress of Vienna?

A
  • Redrew European territorial boundries

* Purpose to create balance of power

44
Q

What is legitimacy?

A

-Restoring rightful royal families

World History 9th Grade (7 decks)

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