Chapters 17&18

Question 1

unalterable privileges that ought not be with held from any person

Answer 1

natural rights

Question 2

a monarchy that applied enlightened theories

Answer 2

enlightened absolutism

Question 3

Who was Madame de pompadour

Answer 3

Louis the XV mistress

Question 4

Why did England change it’s name to Britain

Answer 4

because it gained Scotland and Wales

Question 5

Who was Robert Walpole

Answer 5

Prime Minister of Great Britain during the reign of George I

Question 6

nobility/ landed aristocracy in Prussia

Answer 6

Junkers

Question 7

How did Frederich the great embrace the Enlightenment

Answer 7

he wanted to make the reforms and be a servant to the people

Question 8

Why did he continue to have serfdom

Answer 8

he needed it for the nobility

Question 9

Who was Maria Theresa

Answer 9

the first female ruler of Austria

Question 10

Why did Joseph the II reforms fail

Answer 10

because he couldn’t fight the nobility

Question 11

How did Cathrine the Great gain control over Russia

Answer 11

her husband died

Question 12

What were the limits to Cathrine’s Reforms

Answer 12

she couldn’t do much that the nobility didn’t support

Question 13

Who was Emelyan Pugachev

Answer 13

leader of a revolt against Cathrine the great

Question 14

Why did Poland need a strong monarchy

Answer 14

the country was so weak and controlled by the nobility

Question 15

Who was the marquis of Pombal

Answer 15

the prime minister of Portugal

Question 16

distribution of power among several different states

Answer 16

Balance of Power

Question 17

How did the war of Austrian Succession affect America, and India

Answer 17

it lead to the french and Indian war

Question 18

general that lead British troops in India

Answer 18

Robert Clive

Question 19

favoritism/inheritance to the first son

Answer 19

Primogeniture

Question 20

orphanages in this period

Answer 20

foundling institutions

Question 21

Why did people marry at younger ages

Answer 21

money

Question 22

What happened to smaller farmers

Answer 22

they were forced to become tenant farmers and work for the rich

Question 23

What did Jethro Tull invent

Answer 23

the planter

Question 24

textile industry where people worked from home

Answer 24

cottage industry

Question 25

What did Richard Arkwright invent

Answer 25

the water frame

Question 26

What are tithes and who received them

Answer 26

they were taxes to the church that were paid to the nobility

Question 27

homes of the aristocrats

Answer 27

country house

Question 28

when young men travel across Europe

Answer 28

grand tour

Question 29

How did the public opinion of the poor change

Answer 29

people no longer thought of them as unfortunate instead they figured that they were just lazy

Question 30

What did Immanuel Kent mean when he said Dare to know

Answer 30

don't be afraid of intelligence

Question 31

What was the Enlightenment

Answer 31

people becoming more knowledgeable

Question 32

Why did Fontanelle attack Churches

Answer 32

because they thought of the Church as the Enemy

Question 33

How did they try to expand the works of Newton

Answer 33

they tried to apply them to the social sciences

Question 34

every one is born with a blank mind

Answer 34

tabula rosa

Question 35

What were social reformers called

Answer 35

philosophes

Question 36

How did philosophes avoid censorship

Answer 36

having books secretly published, publishing books abroad, publishing anonymously

Question 37

What types of government did Montesquieu support

Answer 37

republics, monarchies, and despotism

Question 38

What was the major cause of Voltaire

Answer 38

religious and speech tolerance

Question 39

How did Voltaire shape American govt

Answer 39

his ideas are incorporated into our govt

Question 40

god created the world and had no connection to it

Answer 40

deism

Question 41

What was the contrubution of Diderot

Answer 41

encyclopedia

Question 42

Who thought the only measure of wealth was land

Answer 42

Adam Smith

Question 43

leave business to do what business wants

Answer 43

laissez-faire

Question 44

Who wanted women to have the same rights as men

Answer 44

Mary Wollstonecraft

Question 45

style that emphasized grace and elegance

Answer 45

rococo

Question 46

to make well ordered music for god

Answer 46

Johann Sebastian Bach

Question 47

What was a new form of literature

Answer 47

novel

Question 48

Died in poverty due to mental illness

Answer 48

Mozart

Question 49

Difference between high and popular culture

Answer 49

high- rich popular- poor

Question 50

How was execution different between nobles and the poor

Answer 50

nobles -beheaded poor-tortured

Question 51

How was the role of the apothecaries different from what it is today

Answer 51

they could diagnose and treat

Question 52

What was the value of local taverns

Answer 52

they were gathering places

Question 53

how did literacy rates change

Answer 53

they increased dramatically

Question 54

What were the duties of the Churches beyond religion

Answer 54

education, social services

Question 55

What was the gap between the lower and high clergy

Answer 55

lower clergy were poor and the high clergy were rich

Question 56

Where were Ashkeazic Jews from

Answer 56

eastern Europe

Question 57

Where were Sephardic Jews From

Answer 57

Western Europe

Question 58

What Church did John Wesley Start

Answer 58

Methodist