Chapters 14-15 Flashcards
____ components exit the top of the column in the vapor phase.
Light
_____ components re-condense and flow out of the bottom of the column.
Heavy
Condensed vapors are collected in the ____ ____ (sometimes called the reflux drum). This product is called:
overheads accumulator
distillate
Device that holds liquid level on a tray
Weir
Device that gravity feeds liquid to next lowest tray.
Downcomer
(T/F) Feed tray location is based on the expected composition of the feed.
TRUE
A distillation system consists of: A. feed and preheat system B. bottoms and overhead system C. Tank farm D. All of the above
D. All of the above
If the finished product in in spec, it is routed to a \_\_\_\_ tank. A. prime B. good C. holding D. atmospheric
A. prime
Product is often routed to off-spec tanks during \_\_\_\_\_. A. startup B. shutdown C. turnaround D. break time
A. startup
Reflux flow maybe operated in ____ or ____ control.
flow - temperature
Product flow is operated in ____ control.
level
Heat source for kettle reboiler is on the ____ side.
A. tube
B. shell
A. tube
Product in a kettle reboiler is on the ____ side.
A. tube
B. shell
B. shell
\_\_\_\_\_\_ flow from reboiler drives the columnn. A. Water B. Vapor C. Reflux D. Excess
B. Vapor
(T/F) The lighter components in a mixture are less volatile than the heavy components.
FALSE - they are more volatile
Inlet flow of the shell of kettle reboiler is from the ____ of column.
A. bottom
B. top
A. bottom
What lowers the boiling points of liquids in a distillation column. A. pressure B. temperature C. flow rate D. vacuum
D. vacuum
(T/F) The level in the reboiler should be controlled slightly above the tubes for optimum performance.
TRUE
If cooling tower is lost to the overhead condenser, will column pressure increase and product likely be off-spec?
Yes
Two chemicals separated in the book for distillation.
Butane and Pentane
A high level in the reboiler will ____ the volume of the vapor capacity, and result in poor pressure control.
A. increase
B. reduce
B. reduce
A low level in the kettle reboiler will cause ____ bottoms temperature and reduce flow to the bottoms cooler.
A. hotter
B. colder
A. hotter
A vessel in which a controlled chemical reaction takes place.
Reactor
Added to a reactor to promote chemical reaction without becoming part of the final product.
Catalyst
High temperature and pressure generally \_\_\_\_ molecular movement and \_\_\_\_ the reaction rate. A. increase - increase B. increase - decrease C. decrease - increase D. decrease - decrease
A. increase - increase
Type of reaction that requires addition of heat to promote the reaction - absorbs heat.
Endothermic
Type of reaction that generates heat. A cooling source must be provided to remove the heat of the reaction.
Exothermic
Book example is a ______ reaction.
Exothermic
Mixer; provides mixing of the reactants for even distribution.
Agitator
Two types of reactors.
Batch and Continuous
(T/F) Low flow rates in a continuous reactor increases reaction time (residence time)
TRUE
(T/F) Higher levels in a reactor increase the reaction time (residence time).
TRUE
(T/F) You should run the reactor level really low so that the reactants will have a long residence time.
FALSE. Low level means you are pumping out reactants as soon as they enter.
How high should the level of a reactor be run?
A. Just below the agitator blades
B. High enough to cover all agitator blades
C. At maximum capacity
D. Below all agitator blades
B. High enough to cover all agitator blades
Identity of an element is defined by the: A. atomic number B. mass number C. element number D. bond number
A. atomic number (number of protons in the nucleus)
Elements on the far right column of the periodic table.
A. Noble Gases
B. Alkali Metals
C. Transition Elements
A. Noble Gases
Carbon shares electrons with \_\_\_\_ atoms. A. Helium B. Hydrogen C. Halogen D. Argon
B. Hydrogen
Hydrogen shares an electron with \_\_\_\_\_. A. Carbon B. Cobalt C. Helium D. Argon
A. Carbon
(T/F) Every atom seeks to fill its outer shell of electrons.
TRUE
Bonding that involves shared pairs of electrons.
Covalent Bond
Distillation columns are designed to separate mixtures based on their:
boiling points
