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Troubleshooting > Chapters 1-4 > Flashcards

Chapters 1-4 Flashcards

1
Q

The first consideration of a process technician is

A

safety of employees and community

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2
Q

To be a good troubleshooter, you have to know ___

A

what is normal

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3
Q

Purpose of process instrumentation

A

to control PV at a desired SP

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4
Q

5 instruments of a control loop

A

sensor, transmitter, controller, final control element, transducer

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5
Q

Common flow elements

A

flow orifices, turbines, and other DP elements

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6
Q

Pressure

A

force per unit area (psi)

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7
Q

Atmospheric pressure at sea level

A

14.7 PSIA

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8
Q

Gauge pressure at sea level

A

0 PSIG

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9
Q

Level elements

A

dP cell, displacer (buoyancy), sight glass, float/tape, bubbler

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10
Q

wires of dissimilar metals connect at one end and generate electrical signal

A

Thermocouples

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11
Q

measures temperature based on electrical resistance

A

RTD (resistance temperature device)

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12
Q

BFD

A

Block Flow Diagram

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13
Q

PFD

A

Process Flow Diagram

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14
Q

P&ID

A

Piping and Instrument Diagram

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15
Q

Bubble with no line

A

field mounted

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16
Q

Bubble with solid line

A

control room mounted

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17
Q

What pressure are many large storage tanks designed to operate at?

A

atmospheric pressure

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18
Q

Most electric motors in industry are __ phase and run at ____ Volts

A

Most electric motors in industry are 3 phase and run at 480 Volts

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19
Q

Primary method of cooling in cooling tower

A

evaporative

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20
Q

Water tube boilers consist of a _______ drum (top), _____ tubes, and a _____ drum.

A

Water tube boilers consist of a STEAM drum (top), BOILER tubes, and a MUD drum (bottom)

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21
Q

A fired heater used to heat raw materials to operating temperature

A

Furnace

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22
Q

Type of heat exchanger that proves heat balance to a distillation column

A

Kettle Reboiler

23
Q

Converts raw materials into useful products by chemical reaction

A

Reactor

24
Q

What is used in a reactor to speed up the rate of reaction?

A

Catalyst

25
Q

Separating components of a feed based on boiling points

A

Distillation

26
Q

Distillation Column: Where do lighter products (low boiling point) exit the column and in what phase?

A

top in vapor phase

27
Q

Distillation Column: Where do heavier products (high boiling point) exit the column and in what phase?

A

Bottom in liquid phase

28
Q

Vapors from top of distillation are condensed in overhead condenser and collected in an ______

A

accumulator

29
Q

A collection of instruments that work together to control a process variable (PV)

A

Control Loop

30
Q

Typically designed to measure flow rate and control the flow downstream of the measuring device.

A

Flow Control Loop

31
Q

Most common element in flow control loop

A

Orifice Plate

32
Q

Creates a differential pressure (dP) that is measured by a transmitter

A

Orifice Plate

33
Q

Composed of a tapered tube, scale, and a ball or float - usually a field instrument.

A

Rotameter

34
Q

Pressure element that expands with increased pressure and collapses with lower pressure.

A

Bellows

35
Q

Most common type of field pressure gauge. C-shaped element swells with increased pressure and moves a linkage that drives an indicator.

A

Bourdon tube

36
Q

Senses pressure and sends signal to a controller or recorder

A

Pressure transmitter

37
Q

How is temperature most often controlled?

A

By controlling the flow of a heating or cooling liquid

38
Q

Most common temperature elements:

A

RTD and Thermocouple

39
Q

Analytical instrument used to determine acidic or base

A

pH

40
Q

Analytical instrument for suspended solids

A

Turbidity

41
Q

Analytical instrument for dissolved solids

A

Conductivity

42
Q

Controller located in the field or near equipment

A

Local Controller

43
Q

Controller located in control room or on DCS

A

Remote Controller

44
Q

PLC

A

Programmable Logic Controller

45
Q

DCS

A

Distributed Control System

46
Q

Converts one form of energy into another.

A

Transducer

47
Q

Control Valve - FO

A

Fails Open (air to close)

48
Q

Control Valve - FC

A

Fails Close (air to open)

49
Q

Controller Mode used as a scaling factor from 0-100% output. Sometimes expressed as gain.

A

Proportional Band

50
Q

Controller Mode - how large is the error and ow long did it last. Sometimes expressed as reset.

A

Integral

51
Q

Controller Mode - how fast did the PV move away from the setpoint. Sometimes expressed as rate.

A

Derivative

52
Q

Device designed to prevent damage to equipment and personnel.

A

Interlock

53
Q

Controls conditions that must be satisfied before a piece of equipment can be started

A

Permissive

Troubleshooting (4 decks)

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