Chapters 1-3

Question 1

The view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes

Answer 1

Behaviorism

Question 2

historically important perspective that emphasized human growth potential

Answer 2

Humanistic Psychology

Question 3

the study of mental processes, such as occur when we perceive, learn, remember, thing, communicate, and solve problems

Answer 3

Cognitive psychology

Question 4

The science of behavior and mental processes

Answer 4

Psychology

Question 5

relative influence of genes and experience in the development of psychological traits and behaviors.

Answer 5

Nature-Nurture

Question 6

the tendency to believe after learning an outcome, that we could have predicted it. ( I knew it all along)

Answer 6

hindsight bias

Question 7

enhanced memory after retrieving, rather than simply rereading information.

Answer 7

testing effect

Question 8

a nerve cell; the basic building blocks of the nervous system

Answer 8

Neuron

Question 9

neuron extensions that receive messages and conduct them toward the cell body

Answer 9

dendrites

Question 10

the neuron extension that receive messages to other neurons or to muscles and glands.

Answer 10

axon

Question 11

the junction between the axon tip of a sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of a receiving neuron.

Answer 11

synapse

Question 12

cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons;they also play a role in learning, thinking, and memory

Answer 12

glial cells (glia)

Question 13

the level of stimulation required to trigger a neutral impulse.

Answer 13

threshold

Question 14

in a neural processing a brief resting pause that occurs after a neuron has fired

Answer 14

Refractory period

Question 15

a neurons reaction of either firing or not firing

Answer 15

All-or-none response

Question 16

neuron-produced chemicals that cross the synaptic gap to carry messages to other neurons

Answer 16

neurotransmitters

Question 17

a neurotransmitter’s reabsorption by the sending neuron

Answer 17

Reuptake

Question 18

The brains sensory control center

Answer 18

thalamus

Question 19

the little brain

Answer 19

cerebellum

Question 20

linked to emotion

Answer 20

amygdala

Question 21

linked with emotion and reward

Answer 21

hypothalamus

Question 22

linked with memories of facts and events

Answer 22

hippocampus

Question 23

information- processing center

Answer 23

cerebral

Question 24

the portion of the cerebral just behind forehead. Involved with speaking, making plans and judgements

Answer 24

frontal lobes

Question 25

included areas that receive information from the ears

Answer 25

temporal lobes

Question 26

controls voluntary movements

Answer 26

motor cortex

Question 27

a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change

Answer 27

developmental psychology

Question 28

a period early in life when exposure to certain stimuli or experiences is needed for proper development

Answer 28

critical period

Question 29

the preoperational child’s difficulty taking another’s point of view

Answer 29

egocentrism

Question 30

people’s ideas about their own and other’s mental states

Answer 30

Theory of mind

Question 31

the transition period from childhood to adulthood

Answer 31

adolescence

Question 32

research in which people of different ages are compared with one another

Answer 32

cross- sectional study

Question 33

research in which the same people are restided and retested over a long period

Answer 33

longitudinal study