chapter_4_quiz

Question 1

Alternative design strategies(5)

Answer 1

standard, cyclic, parallel, adaptive, incremental

Question 2

what is cyclic design?

Answer 2

process can revert to an earlier stage

Question 3

what is parallel design?

Answer 3

independent alternatives are explored in parallel

Question 4

what is adaptive design?

Answer 4

“lay tracks are you go” the next design strategy of the design activity is decided at the end of a given stage.

Question 5

what is incremental design?

Answer 5

each stage of development is treated as a task of incrementally improving the existing design

Question 6

concept: how to indentify a viable strategy? (3)

Answer 6

use fundamental design tools: abstraction/modularity, inspiration(where is creativity required?, applying experience

Question 7

Two types of abstraction:

Answer 7

1. look at details and abstract up to concepts 2. choose concepts, then add detailed substructure, move down

Question 8

definition: abstraction

Answer 8

the act or process of separating in thought, of considering a thing independently of its associations ; or a substance independently of its attributes; or an attribute or quality independently of the substance to which it belongs.

Question 9

definition: reification

Answer 9

The mental conversion of an abstract concept into a thing.

Question 10

definition: deduction:

Answer 10

the process of drawing a conclusion from a principle already known or assumed; In logic: inference by reasoning from generals to particulars (opposed to induction)

Question 11

definition: induction

Answer 11

the process of inferring a general law or principle from the observation of particular instances(oppose to deduction)

Question 12

what concepts should be chosen at the outset of a design task?

Answer 12

1. search for a simple machine that serves as an abstraction of a potential system that will perform the required task.

Question 13

simple machines __________

Answer 13

provide a plausible first conception of how an application might be built.

Question 14

every application domain _______

Answer 14

has its common simple machine.

Question 15

To use abstraction as a tool _________

Answer 15

must choose a level of discourse, and terms of discourse

Question 16

separation of concerns is __________

Answer 16

the subdivision of a problem into (hopefully) independent parts

Question 17

separation of concerns: difficulties arise when _____

Answer 17

the issues are either actually or apparently intertwined.

Question 18

experience can provide _______

Answer 18

that initial feasible set of “alternative arrangements for the design as a whole”

Question 19

DSSA is an assemblage of software components (3)

Answer 19

1. specialized for a particular type of task(domain) 2. generalized for effective use across that domain 3. composed in a standardized structure (topology) effective for building successful applications.

Question 20

DSSAs are the pre-eminent means for _____

Answer 20

maximal reuse of knowledge and prior development and hence for developing a new architectural design

Question 21

architectural pattern is a _______

Answer 21

set of architectural design decisions that are applicable to recurring design problem, and parameterized to account for different software development contexts in which that problem appears

Question 22

architectural pattersn are similar to ______ but ________

Answer 22

DSSAs, applied “at a lower level” and within a much narrower scope

Question 23

state-logic display: three tiered pattern

Answer 23

display(user interface) -> business logic -> state(database)

Question 24

Objective of Model-view-controller

Answer 24

separation between information, presentation, and user interaction

Question 25

architectural style is ________

Answer 25

named collection of architectural design decisions that are applicable in a given dev. context, constrain architectural design decisions that are specific to a particular system within that context, elicit beneficial qualities in each resulting system

Question 26

architectural style (4)

Answer 26

primary way of characterizing lessons from experience in software sys. design. 2. reflect less domain specificity than architectural patterns 3. useful in determining everything from subroutine structure to top level app structure 4. many styles exist

Question 27

definition: architectural style

Answer 27

a named collection of architectural design decisions

Question 28

architectural styles are recurring organizational patterns & idioms (2)

Answer 28

1. established, shared understanding of common design forms 2. mark of mature engineering field.

Question 29

Architectural styles, abstraction of ______

Answer 29

recurring composition & interaction characteristics in a set of architectures.

Question 30

Propterties of styles (4)

Answer 30

1. vocabulary of design elements 2. set of configuration rules 3. a semantic interpretation 4. possible analyses of systems built in a style

Question 31

Benefits of using styles (6)

Answer 31

design reuse, code reuse, understandability of system organization, style-specific analyses, visualizations.

Question 32

Common styles (name a few)

Answer 32

layered, data-flow styles, shared memory, interpreter, implicit invocation, peer to peer, derived styles