Chapter4 Flashcards
What are the types of software?
1) applications
2) system softwares
What is a machine language?
It is the way computers process instructions, representing basic operations (adding, comparing, moving, and speaking instructions)
What is meant by an algorithm?
Unified common language that can be understood by programmers, converting them to software using different programming languages
What are the types of programming languages & their examples?
1) low level languages (Machine language “0 & 1”, assembly language “basic instructions”)
2) high level languages (C++, Java, VB, Python, etc)
Programmers usually write high language convert to assembly then to machine language
What is meant by a compiler?
The program that converts high level to low level code using it to detect errors like (visual studio, eclipse, etc)
Why is programming important?
1) Expands your thinking skills
2) Makes you more productive and efficient
3) It is useful, e.g. write a small script to automate tasks on your computer
What is a system software?
A computer program that is designed to run computer hardware and application programs, the interface between hardware and user applications (operating systems, utility programs)
What is an operating system?
The program that manages all other programs after being boot up with multiple functions:
1) memory management
2) file management
3) CPU management
4) security
How does a computer start/boots?
1) switch computer on
2) ROM booting program
3) loads the OS from HD to RAM
Some Computing devices have full OS in ROM, while Others have only a part in ROM and the core in the Hard Drive
What happens after an OS is being loaded?
1) windows OS controls the screen
2) user select MS word
3) OS loads application
4) word controls the screen
5) word process ens
6) OS control the screen
List several Examples of an operating system
MICROSOFT OS FAMILY:
1) MS windows 10
2) MS window server run on small servers and hardware
3) windows embedded (robots, voting machines, music player)
4) windows 10 mobile
2) Mac OS X (FOR MAC)
3) UNIX OS (INTERNET SERVERS, ENABLES TIME SHARNG)
4) LINUX OS (OPEN SOURCE, WITH MULTIPLE SPINOFF OS)
5) Apple iOS
6) Google android
7) Chrome OS
What is meant by utility programs?
System software designed to help analyze, configure, optimize or maintain a computer (copy files, compress file, virus protection, disk cleanup, backup)
What is a device driver?
Small programs which enables communication with devices (keyboard, printers, flash memory, etc)
What is meant by user interface?
- for the user to interact with the computer system (simple, effective & user friendly) like (command line, menu driven, WIMP “Windows, icons, menus, pointing devices”, SILK “Speech, image, Language, Knowledge”)
What is meant by GUI interfaces?
A Form of WIMP Interfaces, Graphical user interface:
Features:
- menu based
- submenus
- pop up menus
Context sensitive menu
- Task bar
- any icon
- start menu
Tiles on start screen
Windows icon shortcut
Mac icon dock
