Chapter3

Question 1

What is bones 4 functions

Answer 1

Gives form to the body
Supports the body weight
Protects organs
Facilitates movement

Question 2

What are 2 types of bone

Answer 2

Flat and long

Question 3

Describe long bones

Answer 3

Designed for bearing weight
Consists of a thick outer layer (cortex)
90% of cortex is calcified

Question 4

Describe bone loss with aging

Answer 4

.3 to .5 % per year at about 40 but women increase to 5-6% during menopause for up to 10 years

Question 5

2 types of macroscopic bone anatomy and 2 types of microscopic bone anatomy

Answer 5

Flat and long bones
Cortical bone(compact) and trabecular bone(cancellous)

Question 6

Describe cortical bone

Answer 6

80% of the skeleton
Is in mid shaft of long bones
Fulfills mechanical and protective functions
Has max resistance to torsion/ bending

Question 7

Describe trabecular bone

Answer 7

20% of the skeleton
Makes up vertebral body, ends ( epiphyses) of long bones
Increase turnover of bone and larger blood supply then cortical
Reservoir for calcium
Neg affected by immobility, systemic acidosis, some drugs
Allows greater deformation and torsion/ bending

Question 8

List 2 types of bone cells

Answer 8

Osteoblasts bone production

Osteoclasts responsible for bone resorption

Question 9

Osteoporosis

Answer 9

Upset in the balance of bone formation and resorption

Leads to deficits in bone mass and fracture susceptibility

Question 10

What is osteomalacia

Answer 10

A metabolic bone disorder due to vitamin d insufficiency

Increased bone turnover with poorly mineralized bone tissue

Question 11

What is osteomalacia caused by in adults

Answer 11

CA
Kidney failure
Disorder of vit d metabolism
Liver disease
Side effect of seizure medications

Question 12

What are the signs and symptoms of osteomalacia

Answer 12

Bone fx without injury
Muscle weakness especially pelvic
Bone pain hips

Question 13

PT for Osteomalacia

Answer 13

Difficulty rise from chair

Difficulty walking