Chapter2

Question 1

What are the Personal Computers (PCs) ?

Answer 1

Tablets,Laptops and Notebooks, Wearables(apple watch), Desktop Computers

Question 2

What are the other computing Devices?

Answer 2

Mainframe: Large computers for multiple users and to store large amounts of Data.

Supercomputer: Designed for complex calculations and models. Fewer programs with faster results.

Question 3

What are the components of Computers?

Answer 3

Question 4

What are the 4 main functions of an computer?

Question 5

Give 5 types of input?

Answer 5

1) Text; Keyboards,Qwerty,flexible,virtual,Touchscreens

2)Point: Optical Mouse,Tackpads, Game, controllers,joysticks,game pads, steering wheels, Microsft Kinect, Wii

3) Audio Visual: Camera, Cameracorders,cell phones
4) Point: Optical Mouse, Trackpads, Game controllers, Joysticks, gamepads, steering wheels
5) Image: Scanners, Sensors, Gesture recognition technology, Magnetic stripe readers

Question 6

What are the outputs?

Answer 6

Screen Type: Monitor, LCD(Liquid Crystal Display), LED( Light-emitting diode), OLED Displays( Organica Light-Emitting Diode)

Other Output Devices: Flexible Displays, Retinal Scanning Displays, Video Projectors, Speakers, Headsets, sound equipment

Printers: Inkjet printers (Sprays small drops of ink onto paper known as a nonimpact printer), Laser printers (uses lasers and static electricity), all-in-one printers (print,scan,copy,fax),Plotters (uses computer-controlled pens for oversized images, blueprints, schematics) big billboards, Thermal printer (melt wax into paper or burn dots into special paper)

Question 7

What is the CPU?

Answer 7

• The brain of the computer controls all the functions
• Contains registers and cache memory
• Speed is measured in Hertz(HZ), generally in Gigahertz for CPUs (ghZ0
• Dual Processor= 2 CPU in the computer, Quad-Processor=4 CPU’s

Question 8

What is RAM?

Answer 8

Random Access Memory

• Temporary(Volatile)
• Run programs when the computer is on
• Adding RAM lets you do more things at the same time
• Daily Activity-you can listen to music, study, and chaton facebook at the same time…but then you go to sleep you can stop doing all these activities

Question 9

What is ROM?

Answer 9

Read-Only Memory

• Permanent (NON-VOLATILE)
• Start the computer
• Adding ROM has little impact on processing speed
• It’s like vital function such as breathing it doesn’t need to be thought about

Question 10

How is storage works?

Answer 10

1) Mechanical Hard Drive (HDD):

Moving part

• Platter: Round thin plates inside the HDD housing magnetized spots that represent data.
• Access Times: The time it takes to find data on the HDD

2) Solid State Drives (SSD)

• not moving part
• Max storage: Around 4 TB(but very expensive)
• No moving parts, no noise,little heat,less power
• Faster Access times (100x faster than HDD)
• Allows computer to start faster->many computers put the OS on an SSD

3) Flash Moving Devices

• No moving part, uses flash memory, uses less power(USB key)

4) Optical drives

• use lasers to store and read data on optical media (ex CD,DVD…)
• Precorded: CD-ROM,DVD-ROM,BD-ROM
• Recordable:CD-R, DVD-R,BD-R
• Rewritable: CD-RW,DVD-R,BD-R
• Less and less common,especially in portable devices

Question 11

How to measure a computer data ?

Answer 11

The language is BINARY CODE which consists of 1 and 0.(each 1 and 0 is 1 bit)

Bits are organized into groups of 8 called BYTES. 8 bits= 1 byte (each character is represented by a byte)

coller tableau

Question 12

What is Moore’s Law?

Answer 12

It’s the number of transistors per square inch on electronicchips is roughly doubling every 18 months or so which leads to…

1. Computer speed increasing exponentially (not at a stable rate,but still continously)
2. Mobile platforms and Internet access is growing worlwide
3. Data storage and Data communication costs virtually 0$
4. Routine tasks can be outsourced cheaply-If your job can be automated you job isn’t secure

(18 months)