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Abnormal Psychology > chapter1 History > Flashcards

chapter1 History Flashcards

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1
Q

3 parts of the integrative neuropsychosocial approach

A

neuro

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2
Q

neuro part of integrative approach

A

brain systems

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3
Q

psycho part of integrative appraoch

A

mental processes and mental contents

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4
Q

social part of integrative approach

A

stressful life events

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5
Q

psychological disorder

A

A pattern of behavioral and psychological symptoms that causes significant personal distress@ impairs the ability to function in one or more important areas of life@ or both.

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6
Q

3 criteria for determining psych disorders

A

distress

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7
Q

gray gardens

A

Meet Big and Little Edie Beale: mother and daughter@ high-society dropouts@ and reclusive cousins of Jackie Onassis. The two manage to thrive together amid the decay and disorder of their East Hampton@ New York@ mansion@ making for an eerily ramshackle echo of the American Camelot. An impossibly intimate portrait@ this 1976 documentary by Albert and David Maysles@ codirected by Ellen Hovde and Muffie Meyer@ quickly became a cult classic and established Little Edie as a fashion icon and philosopher queen. The Blu-ray edition features the 2006 follow-up to the film@ The Beales of Grey Gardens@ constructed from hours of extra footage in the filmmakers’ vaults.

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8
Q

distress

A

out of proportion to a situation

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9
Q

Big Edie & Little Edie

A

their stress was reasonable given the situation thus they do not have psychological disorder

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10
Q

impairment in daily life

A

significant reduction of a person’s ability to function in some important area of life

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11
Q

psychosis

A

a psychological disorder in which a person loses contact with reality@ experiencing irrational ideas and distorted perceptions

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12
Q

Halluciantions

A

Sensations that are so vivid that the perceived objects or events seem real@ although they are not. Hallucinations can occur in any of the five senses.

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13
Q

Delusions

A

Persistent false beliefs that are held despite evidence that the beliefs are incorrect or exaggerate reality.

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14
Q

the beale woman

A

withdrew from reality sign of impairment

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15
Q

risk of harm to self

A

harm self

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16
Q

risk of harm to others

A

harm to others

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17
Q

cultural influences on disorders

A

he shared norms and values of a society that are explicitly and implicitly conveyed to its members by example and through the use of reward and punishment.

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18
Q

koro

A

adult males are afraid their penises are going to go back in their bodies

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19
Q

before science belief of disorders

A

supernatural forces

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20
Q

chinese Qi belief on disorders

A

energy balance among 12 channels

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21
Q

ancient greek roman belief of disorders

A

four humors

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22
Q

the medical model

A

began with hippocrates

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23
Q

moral treatments

A

descartes

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24
Q

pinel

A

Reformed French asylums in late 18th century

25
Q

moral treatments

A

Treatment of the mentally ill that involved providing an environment in which people with mental illness were treated with kindness and respect and functioned as part of a community

26
Q

dr balagan

A

studies abnormal psych

27
Q

Case of Andrea Yates

A

confessed to drowning her five children in their bathtub on June 20@ 2001.[1] She had been suffering for some time from very severe postpartum depression@ postpartum psychosis and schizophrenia.

28
Q

Grey Gardens

A

documentary film turned into Broadway musical@ huge success@ no one thought it would be successful@ about the beales of East Hampton (reclusive women@ aunt of former first lady Jackie Kennedy)

29
Q

psychoanalytic theory

A

The conscious consists of thoughts and feelings that are in awareness; this is normal awareness.

30
Q

Id

A

According to Freud@ the seat of sexual and aggressive drives@ as well as of the desire for immediate gratification of physical and psychological needs.

31
Q

super ego

A

According to Freud@ the seat of the conscience@ which works to impose morality.

32
Q

ego

A

according to Freud@ the psychic structure that is charged with mediating between the id’s demands for immediate gratification and the superego’s high standards of morality@ as well as the constraints of external reality.

33
Q

psychosexual stages

A

According to Freud@ the sequence of five distinct stages of development (oral@ anal@ phallic@ latency@ and genital) through which children proceed from infancy to adulthood; each stage has a key task that must be completed successfully for healthy psychological development.

34
Q

neurosis

A

According to psychoanalytic theory@ a pattern of thoughts@ feelings@ or behaviors that expresses an unresolved conflict between the ego and the id or between the ego and the superego.

35
Q

mental processes

A

The internal operations that underlie cognitive and emotional functions (such as perception@ memory@ and guilt feelings) and most human behavior.

36
Q

mental contents

A

The specific material that is stored in the mind and operated on by mental processes.

37
Q

lasting freudian influences

A

neuroses psychoses

38
Q

defense mechanisms

A

doesnt really apply

39
Q

psychodynamic perspective

A

modern version of psychoanalysis that is more focused on the development of a sense of self and the discovery of other motivations behind a person’s behavior than sexual motivations

40
Q

humanistic psychology

A

an approach to understanding human nature that emphasizes the positive potential of human beings

41
Q

abraham maslow

A

humanistic psychologist

42
Q

carl rogers

A

humanistic psychologist

43
Q

behaviorism

A

An approach to psychology that focuses on understanding directly observable behaviors in order to understand mental illness and other psychological phenomena.

44
Q

did skinner believe that there is no unconscious influence on behavior

A

Behaviorist that developed the theory of operant conditioning by training pigeons and rats

45
Q

Pavlovian conditioning

A

A type of learning in which a neutral stimulus acquires the ability to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus.

46
Q

instrumental conditioning

A

type of learning in which a behavioral response can be conditioned through reinforcement - either punishment or rewards associated with undesirable or desirable behavior

47
Q

cognitive processes

A

link between behavior and mental processes

48
Q

cognitive behavioral therapy

A

a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)

49
Q

dialectical behavior therapy

A

A form of treatment in which the focus is on getting people to accept who they are regardless of whether it matches their ideal.

50
Q

social forces in disorders

A

loss trauma abuse neglect poverty discrimination all lead to STRESS

51
Q

attachment styles ainsworth and bell

A

secure attachment. Those who become upset when their mother leaves but quickly calm down upon her return (Ainsworth & Bell@ 1970).

52
Q

biological explanations in disorders

A

linked syphilis and dementia

53
Q

diathesis-stress model

A

A model that rests on the idea that a psychological disorder is triggered when a person with a predisposition—a diathesis—for the particular disorder experiences an environmental event that causes significant stress.

54
Q

biopsychosocial approach

A

The view that a psychological disorder arises from the combined influences of three types of factors—biological@ psychological@ and social.

55
Q

neuropsychosocial approach

A

he view that a psychological disorder arises from the combined influences of neurological@ psychological@ and social factors—which affect and are affected by one another through feedback loops.

56
Q

benjamin rush moral treatments

A

used restraint chairs to help blood get back to the brain and tranquilize them

57
Q

Trephination

A

An ancient operation in which a stone instrument was used to cut away a circular section of the skull@ perhaps to treat abnormal behavior.

58
Q

psychopathology (abnormal psychology)

A

he view that a psychological disorder arises from the combined influences of neurological@ psychological@ and social factors—which affect and are affected by one another through feedback loops.

Abnormal Psychology (4 decks)

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