Chapter VIII - Key Words And Abbreviations Flashcards
Incipiant lūdī!
Let the games begin!
Fēlīciter et tibi!
I hope that things are going as well/happily/luckily for you as they have been going for me!
Noun
A person, place, thing
E.g. men, Rome, bagpipe
Exemplī grātiā
E.g.
For the sake of example
Pronoun
Stands in for a noun
E.g. those, she, who
Verb
Shows an action or existence
E.g. drink, was, happen
Adjective
Describes a noun
E.g. green, tall, seventeenth
Adverb
Modifies VERBS, adjectives and other adverbs
E.g. yesterday, quickly, often, highly, considerably, very, quite
Conjunction
Connects words, phrases or clauses
E.g. yes OR no, over the river AND through the woods, I’ll be here WHEN they come
Preposition
Shows a relationship between words
E.g. the fool ON the hill
Interjection
Exclamation words
E.g. uh-oh, yeah!
Versus
Turned against or opposing
Nominative
Subject of action
E.g. HE walked the dog
Genitive
Links nouns without equating them - usually shows possession
How you tell which declension a noun belongs to
E.g. HIS idea was ridiculous
Dative
Personal interest - shows who the action gives advantage or disadvantage to
Can also be used to show possession when you want to stress the owned object (Liber mihi est - the book is mine (for me))
E.g. It was an interesting day FOR HIM
Accusative
Where action stops - the direct object
E.g. I smacked HIM
Ablative
Where action starts
E.g. The bookcase was built BY HIM
Instrumental
Goes alongside action
E.g. We went to Rome WITH HIM
Locative
Where action takes place
E.g. A bug was crawling ON HIM
Vocative
Person adressed
E.g. DUDE!
Et alia
Et al.
And (an unknown number) of other things (open set)
Person
Speaker’s point of view
Number
Whether it is singular or plural
Tense (Aspect)
Not just when it is happening, but also whether it is in the process of happening or is a single completed act