Chapter V Flashcards by Niezel Toledo

What does housing provide

Freedom and individual comfort of pigs
• Savings on labor
• Herd health and sanitation
• Protection from climatic extremes
• Enabling better management (i.e. breeders, manure disposal)
• Protection against theft

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Site building and planning
Remember the following factors when constructing or expanding your pig farm

Number of pigs to raise- not > 1000/ha
 Site selection- 2km or more from residence
 Zoning and permits
 Accessibility
 Distance from other farm

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Other consideration while building your pig houses

Environmental control
 Proper ventilation
 Minimum labor requirement
 Dryness
 Sanitation
 Safety
 Rodent and bird control
 Durability of building materials
 Future expansion

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Recite the importance of proper ventilation

Removal of odors moisture and excess heat in hot weather
The objective of on farm ventilation systems is the movement and permanent renewal of the air. In this way it helps to evacuate harmful gases bad orders dust and keep both temperature and humidity controlled in normal levels

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Can you elaborate or recite the ventilation structure with arrow2

Ventilation
Contains air movement and renewal
Remove bad smells and harmful gases
Control temperature and humidity

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This is a type of ventilation system commonly used in pig housing to manage the indoor environment and provide optimal conditions for the pigs

Tunnel ventilation

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Can you recite the goal of tunnel ventilation

The goal of tunnel ventilation is to pull air down the length of the room at a high air speed to create a wind chill effect for the pigs to keep them thermally comfortable

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In what way tunnel ventilation is effective

Kind of ventilation is effective in hot climates or during hot season as it can help to reduce heat stress in the pigs by providing a cooler environment

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Importance of ventilation system

To remove excess heat
To remove excess moisture
To minimize dust
To limit the build up of harmful gases
To provide oxygen for respiration

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What are the two housing system

Conventional or all purpose housing system
Life cycle housing system

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It combines several farm operation into one building

Conventional or all purpose housing system

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This system provides the animal with proper space and comfort during each phase of its life cycle

Life cycle housing system

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What are the included units in life cycle housing system

Pre Gestation and boar
Gestation
Farrowing and nursery
Growing finishing

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It should have sufficient space to accommodate meeting activities, what unit is this

Pre gestation and boar unit

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Imprigestation and bohr unit air moisture level should be maintained at about_____

70%

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Where does of bedding materials such as sand wood shavings or rice straw can be used

It is used in cases of leg problems

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Elaborate the following requirements of pregestation and boar unit

•The air moisture level should be maintained at about 70%
•Approximately 16 to 18 hours of light should be maintained daily
•Facilities should allow close supervision and easy access to the pen during mating
•boar should be house individually to avoid injury due to fighting and for better meeting performance
•Bedding materials such as sand wood shavings or rice straw may be used in cases of leg problems

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Pregestation gilts or sows can be housed in two ways

Kept in individual feeding lying stalls

group pens

This is the house or unit for recently bred and pregnant gilts and sows in individuals stalls to prevent injury feed competition and unnecessary stress that may lead to failure in fertilization or abortion

Gestation unit

This unit is the transfer pregnant animals to this unit 1 week before the expected farrowing date this house the animals and elevated and slotted farrowing crates

Farrowing unit

Important points to consider for farrowing unit, elaborate

Protection of piglets against crushing
A good view of the saw and piglets
Reachability of the piglets
Adjustability of the pen
Dimensions of the pen according to its purpose
Removal of dung and urine
Cost of labor

Sows and piglets stay up here to weaning or weaning up to market weight

Farrowing rearing pen

Sows with piglets from 3 to 7 days before farrowing until 2 to 3 weeks after farrowing, what is this

Farrowing position

Sows with piglets from 2 to 3 weeks after farrowing until weaning

Rearing position

Pens for weaners, what space requirements and trough length is for 20kg

0.30 m² and 0. 15 m

What is the space requirements and trough length for 15 kg

0.20 m² and 0.12 m

Can be housed in conventional pens with concrete floor and partition walls made of either concrete round bars or GI pipes this is adopt all in all out scheme per pen

Growing to finishing unit

What are the two housing system

Individual housing and group housing

This housing system stimulate to come and heat, heat is more visible, simple design of building can be used separately when exercise or done in outside

Group housing

It is also called the feeding or lying box or stall what system is this

Individual housing

Before farrowing of gilt and sow (pen size, height of door, feeding space, partition wall

Gilt- 2.0, 1.0, 35 to 45, 1.20 Sow-2.70, 1.0, 45 to 50, 1.20 to 1.50

Advantages of individual housing

Advantages Good control of feed quantities supplied according to age, pregnancy stage and body condition  Conception and litter size may be better  Easier handling of animals  Sows are more quiet, less restless before and after eating  Lower cost  Minimal stress

Disadvantages of individual housing

Disadvantages Estrus stimulation and observation is less easy, particularly in large herds  Building design is complicated, needs a housing specialist  More costly compared to group housing of sows

Disadvantages of group housing

More fighting  More competition during feeding time  Increased chance of leg problem and injuries  Animals are dirty  Reachability of individual animal is more difficult  Less control on animals especially with large herd

Advantages of group housing

Stimulation to come in heat Heat is more visible Simple design of building can be used separately when exercise or dunging is outside

What are the two ways of pre gestating gilts or sow that can be house

Kept in individual feeding lying stools that are made of gi pipes would round bars concrete cement and block iron pipes They may be house in group pens

This is the transfer pregnant animals to this unit 1 week before the expected farrowing date

Farrowing unit

This house is for recently bred and pregnant gilts and sows in individual stalls to prevent injury feed competition and unnecessary stress that may lead to failure in fertilization or abortion

Gestation unit

What are the important points to consider in pens for sows with piglets

Protection of piglets against crushing Good view of the sao and piglets Reachability of the piglets Adjustability of the pen Dimension of the pen according to its purpose Removal of down and urine Cost of labor

Multiple pigs typically of the same life stage or house together in the same area

Group housing

Sauce and piglets stay up to weaning or weaning up to market weight

Farrowing rearing pen

Saw with piglets from 3 to 7 days before farrowing until 2 to 3 weeks after farrowing this is before manganak hangtud two to three weeks ang bactin

Farrowing position

Sawid piglets from 2 to 3 weeks after farrowing until winning or hangtod malutas

Rearing position

What are the equipment and tools for drinking system or the types of nipples

Push nipples Bite nipples Bowl