Chapter two exam

Question 1

An example of an environmental justice violation is when minority and low-income communities:

Answer 1

a. are in close proximity to polluting industries.

b. lack access to parks and green spaces.

c. have limited transportation options.

All of these answers are correct.

Question 2

What is an obstacle to the eradication of Guinea worm disease?

Answer 2

a. indifference

b. political issues

c. human stubbornness

d. poverty

All of these answers are correct.

Question 3

Which factor is a reason that urban areas are environmentally unfriendly?

Answer 3

importation of food and exportation of waste, traffic congestion, and sewage overflow

Question 4

More than half of the world’s population lives in:

Answer 4

Asia

Question 5

Which statement is NOT true of Guinea worm disease?

Answer 5

The larvae mature into adult male and female worms in the heart tissue.

Question 6

What can we do to help prevent suburban sprawl?

Answer 6

a. Maintain open and agricultural land.

b. Establish urban growth boundaries.

c. Implement infill.

d. Build up rather than out.

All of these answers are correct.

Question 7

Addressing which factor will help countries lower their total fertility rates?

Answer 7

poverty

Question 8

A natural area such as a park or undeveloped landscape containing grass, trees, or other vegetation in an urban area, usually set aside for recreational use, is known as:

Answer 8

green space.

Question 9

Which term is used for chemicals that work together in the body to produce toxic effects greater than the sum of their individual effects would predict?

Answer 9

synergistic

Question 10

In a vector-borne disease, the _____ directly causes the disease.

Answer 10

pathogen

Question 11

Emigration is the movement of individuals:

Answer 11

out of an area.

Question 12

Which factor correlates with lower population growth in many regions?

Answer 12

education of girls

Question 13

The land area needed to provide the resources for, and assimilate the waste of, a person or population is called:

Answer 13

ecological footprint.

Question 14

The dose size required for a chemical to do harm is called the

Answer 14

potency

Question 15

What makes a city green?

Answer 15

a. having policies to improve air quality

b. using more renewable energy than nonrenewable energy

c. using programs that reduce vehicle traffic in the city

d. increasing green space around the city

All of these answers make a city green.

Question 16

Which statement regarding values for demographic factors between more and less developed countries is TRUE?

Answer 16

Crude birth rates are higher in developing countries.

Question 17

Majora Carter’s South Bronx Greenway would provide many benefits, including:

Answer 17

both increased air quality and alternative transportation opportunities.

Question 18

What is the difference between bioaccumulation and biomagnification?

Answer 18

Bioaccumulation is the buildup of substances within one organism, while biomagnification involves those substances moving up the food chain as one organism eats another.

Question 19

Which factor would NOT be a useful approach to helping a country reach zero population growth?

Answer 19

educating men and providing them with job opportunities

Question 20

Guinea worm disease (GWD) in humans is caused by:

Answer 20

drinking contaminated water containing copepods infected with Guinea worm larvae.