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PR 2 > CHAPTER THREE (ST) > Flashcards

CHAPTER THREE (ST) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the title of Chapter 3 called?

A

Research Methodology

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2
Q

This chapter provides the methods and procedures used.

A

Chapter 3

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3
Q

This chapter provides detailed information on the research design, participants, equipment, variables, and actions taken by the researchers.

A

Chapter 3

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4
Q

The 2 Purposes of Research Methodology

A
  1. Replicate
  2. Evaluate
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5
Q

Elements of Chapter 3

A
  1. Introductory Statement
  2. Research Design
  3. Research Setting
  4. Research Subjects
  5. Research Ethics
  6. Research Instruments (includes validation)
  7. Data Gathering Procedure
  8. Statistical Treatment
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6
Q

Tells the readers the sub-areas of chapter 3 and how you will address each of the

A

Introduction / Introductory Statement

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7
Q

Here, you briefly restate the problem statement, purpose of the study, and the research questions.

A

Introduction / Introductory Statement

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8
Q

Serves as a blueprint or skeletal framework of a study

A

Design

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9
Q

True or False: Experimental and non-experimental are examples of research approaches.

A

False, research designs

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10
Q

True or False: Qualitative and quantitative are examples of research designs.

A

False, approaches

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11
Q

True or False: In the research design, the chosen design must be justified.

A

True

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12
Q

True or False: In the research design, you must specify the variables and their levels or measurements.

A

True

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13
Q

This part includes a description of the geographic characteristics and boundaries of the study.

A

Research Setting

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14
Q

True or False: In the research setting, you must state the reasons why you chose that particular place.

A

True

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15
Q

True or False: In special cases, anonymity must always be observed.

A

True

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16
Q

This part describes the demographic characteristics of the study participants

A

Research Subjects

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17
Q

True or False: The population and sampling procedures are discussed in the research instrument.

A

False, research subjects

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18
Q

Specifics about the population and sampling techniques discussed in the research subjects section:

A
  • Number of respondents
  • Profile of the respondents
  • Sampling techniques used
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19
Q

The process of selecting a sample or portion of the population.

A

Sampling

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20
Q

True or False: The smaller the sampling size, the better.

A

False

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21
Q

Why are bigger samples better?

A

Because of the sampling error

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22
Q

When do sampling errors occur?

A

If the sample selection process does not go the way it was originally planned.

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23
Q

This can result in the over-representation or under-representation of a segment or portion of the population.

A

Sampling Error

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24
Q

True or False: Sampling error depends on the sample size.

A

True

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25
Q

The two main types of sampling techniques

A
  1. Non-Probability or Non-Random Sampling
  2. Probability or Random Sampling
26
Q

The 4 Types of Non-Random Sampling

A
  1. Purposive / Judgment
  2. Convenience
  3. Snowball
  4. Quota
27
Q

The 4 Main Types of Probability or Random Sampling

A
  1. Simple Random
  2. Systematic
  3. Stratified
  4. Cluster
28
Q

These are moral principles governing how researchers should execute their study.

A

Research Ethics

29
Q

These refer to regulations agreed by professional and recognized groups or bodies.

A

Research Ethics

30
Q

This refers to the part wherein the researcher can attest that the study was conducted with consideration of the rights of the research subjects involved.

A

Research Ethics

31
Q

True or False: In the research ethics section, principles observed in the study should be enumerated.

A

True

32
Q

True or False: Research participants should not be subjected to harm in any way whatsoever.

A

True

33
Q

True or False: The anonymity of individuals and organizations involved in the study must be ensured.

A

True

34
Q

True or False: Any form of affiliation, funding sources, and possible conflicts of interest must be declared.

A

True

35
Q

True or False: Any type of misleading information and biased representation of findings must be avoided.

A

True

36
Q

Things to specify in the research instruments (questionnaires)

A
  1. Number and types of questionnaires used
  2. Number of items
  3. The nature of the instrument
37
Q

Things to specify in the research instruments (tests/tools/materials)

A
  1. Name and description
  2. Nature of the instrument
38
Q

True or False: The step-by-step process for data gathering must be explained comprehensively by the researchers.

A

True

39
Q

True or False: For experimental designs, the intervention or treatment of subjects must be described in depth / in detail.

A

True

40
Q

This refers to the statistical formula used in the study to analyze data.

A

Statistical Treatment

41
Q

True or False: In the statistical treatment part, variables involved and the purpose of statistical measures must be discussed.

A

True

42
Q

Percentage Formula for Statistical Treatment

A

P = f/n x 100

(f = frequency, P = percentage, n = sample size)

43
Q

Mean Formula for Statistical Treatment

A

Mean (X bar) = Sum of all Xs / n

(X bar = sample mean, x = the value of any observations, n = total number of values in the sample)

44
Q

Kinds of Statistical Treatments

A
  • Z-test
  • t-test
  • spearman rank correlation (Spearman’s rho)
  • Pearson product-moment correlation (Pearson’s r)
  • Chi-square test
  • Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
45
Q

Two Types of Statistics

A
  1. Inferential
  2. Descriptive
46
Q

A kind of statistics used for SOP questions

A

Descriptive Statistics

47
Q

A kind of statistics using the mean, median, and mode

A

Descriptive Statistics

48
Q

A kind of statistics aiming to answer hypothesis questions

A

Inferential Statistics

49
Q

Two types of inferential statistics.

A
  1. Parametric
  2. Non-Parametric
50
Q

A sampling technique also known as multi-stage sampling

A

Cluster Sampling

51
Q

Psychometric Properties (Research Validation)

A
  1. Validity
  2. Reliability
52
Q

Accuracy

A

Validity

53
Q

Consistency

A

Reliability

54
Q

Reliability

A

Consistency

55
Q

Validity

A

Accuracy

56
Q

Which of the two psychometric properties needs to be applied in a global scale?

A

Reliability / Consistency

57
Q

Emphasizes the consent and rights of the research subjects

A

Autonomy

58
Q

Emphasizes no risk or harm on the research subjects

A

Non-maleficence

59
Q

Emphasizes the benefits the research subjects will get from your study

A

Beneficence

60
Q

Emphasizes no violation of rights or commitment of any discriminatory acts

A

Justice

PR 2 (4 decks)

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