chapter three Flashcards
Roles assigned at birth, cannot be changed
Ascribed Roles
Looks for the cause of deviance in the structure of the entire society
Structural Theories
look for causes in the processes by which individuals come to commit deviant acts
Processual Theories
interactions between individuals or groups of people
Social Interactions
socialization
Learning social behaviour throughout your life.
Orienting one’s behavior to a set of expectations bound up in a role
Role Playing
The decision to adopt a particular social role
Role Taking
required behaviour of a status. Habits, beliefs, attitudes
Role prescriptions
A role not permitted to an individual because of other roles that the person occupies.
Role proscriptions
may arise in situations with complex role demands and where a single person must fulfill multiple roles
Role strain
The actual behavior and actions assigned to a role
Role Behavior
A role so important to the individual that he or she organizes all the others roles around it
master role
a mark of shame or discredit. One of Society’s negative sanctions
Stigma
When the deviant tries to justify an act after committing it
Rationalization
When a deviant wants to justify the act before commiting the act
Neutralization
Seeks instant gratification for our wants and needs. If these needs or wants are not met, a person can become tense, anxious, or angry.
Example: A hungry baby cried until he was fed.
Id
Attempts to meet the desires of the id in a way that is socially acceptable in the world and recognizes that other people have needs and wants too, and being selfish isn’t good in the long run. Example: Tim really wanted to slug Mark for what he had just said. However, Tim knew if he hit Mark, he would be kicked off the baseball team, and since he loved baseball, he unclenched his fists and walked away.
Ego
Based on morals and judgments about right and wrong. Example: Sarah knew she could steal the supplies from work and no one would know about it. However, she knew that stealing was wrong, so she decided not to take anything even though she would probably never get caught.
Superego
world of inner feelings that’s unlikely to express themselves in obvious ways through behavior.
Unconscious mind
