Chapter Three

Question 1

Predestination

Answer 1

Calvinism belief that God has already decided whether someone will go to Heaven or Hell after they die.

Question 2

The Elect

Answer 2

Those who have been given a sign of predestination to Heaven.

Question 3

Visible Saints

Answer 3

Those who have been given a sign of predestination as well as lead godly lives and are an example to others.

Question 4

Heresy

Answer 4

An opinion or belief that goes against the Christian doctrine. These were a threat to the unity of the church.

Question 5

Blue Laws

Answer 5

Laws that restrict personal behavior.

Question 6

Anne Hutchinson

Answer 6

Puritan spiritual advisor who was banished for her defiance of gender roles in the Puritan Church.

Question 7

Roger Williams

Answer 7

New England Puritan minister who founded the Providence Colony (Rhode Island).

Question 8

Mayflower Compact

Answer 8

Pilgrim agreement to form a crue government and submit to the will of the majority.

Question 9

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Answer 9

Regime democratically controlled by the substantial citizens. Stated the powers and limitations of the government.

Question 10

Martin Luther

Answer 10

Most famous critique of the Catholic Church, he ignited the Protestant Reformation.

Question 11

John Calvin

Answer 11

Expanded on the ideas of Martin Luther and created his own religion - Calvinism - based on the idea of predestination.

Question 12

William Bradford

Answer 12

Pilgrim leader who helped get the colonists out of debt as well as helping them survive. He also developed private land ownership.

Question 13

John Winthrop

Answer 13

Puritan governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony who believed he had a calling from God to lead.

Question 14

Massasoit

Answer 14

Wampanoag chief who became friends with English colonists. He helped the Plymouth Colony survive.

Question 15

Metacom

Answer 15

Also known as King Philip by the English. He launched an alliance with nearby tribes to resist the English colonization efforts, which eventually led to King Philip’s War.

Question 16

Charles II

Answer 16

King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1660-1685) who reigned during the Restoration (a period of expanding trade and colonization as well as opposing Catholicism).

Question 17

Sir Edmund Andros

Answer 17

Head of establishing English royal headquarters in Boston (The Dominion of New England). He was disliked due to his controversial actions (restricted courts, press, trade, and town gatherings - all while taxing the people without consent). This lead to a conflict when a Boston Mob forced him back to England.

Question 18

William III and Mary II

Answer 18

Protestant leaders who were crowned co-monarchs of England, after the Glorious Revolution and the dethroning of James II.

Question 19

Henry Hudson

Answer 19

English explorer who explored for the Dutch East India Company. He ascended into the Hudson river, claiming it for the Dutch.

Question 20

Peter Stuyvesant

Answer 20

Leader of the Dutch colony in New Netherland.

Question 21

Duke of York

Answer 21

Brother of Charles III. He was given the Hudson Area and renamed it New York instead of New Netherland.

Question 22

William Penn

Answer 22

He was a Quaker who founded Pennsylvania to establish a safe place for his people to escape religious persecution.

Question 23

The Middle Colonies

Answer 23

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware.

Question 24

What were the similarities between the Middle Colonies?

Answer 24

Size, diversity, growing populations.

Question 25

Puritans vs. Seperatists

Answer 25

Puritans wanted to purify the Church of England (remove Catholicism), while Separatists wanted to cut all ties to the Church of England.

Question 26

Great English Migration

Answer 26

Migration of 70,000 refugees from England to North America.

Question 27

Freemen

Answer 27

Puritan adult males who were eligible to vote in elections in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Question 28

Antinomianism

Answer 28

Anne Hutchinson’s idea that living a holy life was not a sure sign of salvation. This was seen as high heresy in her community.

Question 29

Pequot War

Answer 29

War between English settlers and the Pequot tribe over land and trade in Connecticut.

Question 30

King Philip’s War

Answer 30

Bloody conflict between English settlers and Indians; slowed the westward march of the English slightly.

Question 31

English Civil War

Answer 31

1640-1660 in England, ended with restoration of the monarchy. Distracted England from colonization efforts and led to salutary neglect (not strictly enforcing English laws on their colonies.)

Question 32

New England Confederation

Answer 32

Puritan alliance launched by 2 Massachusetts colonies and 2 Connecticut colonies to act as a defense against threats. Paved the way for colonial unity.

Question 33

Navigation Laws

Answer 33

English laws passed to tighten and control American trade with other non-English territories.

Question 34

Glorious Revolution

Answer 34

English revolution that led to the dethroning of James II and throning of William III and Mary II.

Question 35

Quakers

Answer 35

English dissenters who broke away from the Church of England and preached a doctrine of pacifism, inner divinity, and social equity.