Chapter Three Flashcards

1
Q

Lipid

A

True Fats and Oils as well as fat like compounds

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1
Q

Lipoids

A

Fatlike Compound

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2
Q

Sterols

A

Fatlike Compound

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3
Q

Insoluble

A

Does not combine, when mixed together, separates easily

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4
Q

Glycerol

A

The backbone of a fat molecule

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5
Q

Fatty Acid

A

Composed of a chain of carbon atoms with hydrogen and a few oxygen atoms attached

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6
Q

Monoglyceride

A

A single fatty acid joined to a glycerol molecule

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7
Q

Diglyceride

A

Two fatty acids are joined to a glycerol molecule

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8
Q

Saturated Fatty Acid

A

Filled with as many hydrogen atoms as the carbon atoms can bond with and has no double bonds between carbons

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9
Q

Double Bond

A

Describes the type of chemical connection between two neighboring carbon atoms, each lacking one hydrogen atom

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10
Q

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

A

The carbon atoms are joined together by one of more of these double bonds

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11
Q

Monounsaturated

A

A fatty acid with only one carbon-to-carbon double bond

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12
Q

Polyunsaturated

A

A fatty acid with more than one carbon-to-carbon bond

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13
Q

Hydrogenation

A

The process of adding hydrogen to a fat

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14
Q

Trans-Fatty Acids

A

Produced by the partial hydrogenation of unsaturated vegetable oil

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15
Q

Prostaglandins

A

Compounds with extensive hormone-like actions - require arachidonic acid for synthesis

16
Q

Major Functions of Fats in the Body:

A

1 Supply fuel to most tissues
2 Function as an energy reserve
3 Lubricate body tissues
4 Support and protect vital organs
5 Insulate the body
6 Form an integral part of cell membranes
7 Serve as a carrier for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins

17
Q

Fuel Supply

A

Fat serves as a fuel that supplies body tissues with needed energy

18
Q

Fuel Reserve

A

Fat functions as the body’s main fuel for energy reserve.

19
Q

Lubrication

A

Fats lubricate body tissues

20
Q

Organ Protection

A

Fatty tissue cushions and protects vital organs by providing a supportive fat pad that absorbs mechanical shocks

21
Q

Insulation

A

Helps to insulate the body by protecting it from excessive heat or cold

22
Q

Cell Membrane Structure

A

Plays vital role in drug, nutrient, and metabolite transport. Provides a barrier against water - soluble substances

23
Q

Carrier for Fat-Soluble Vitamins

A

Fat Soluble Vitamins A, D, E, K and Carotenoids

24
Q

Cholesterol

A

Not a true fat but belongs to a group called “sterols”

25
Q

Cholesterol Functions:

A

1 A component of bile salts that aid digestion
2 An essential component of all cell membranes
3 Found in brain and nerve tissue and in the blood
4 A precursor for the production of steroid hormones

26
Q

What hormones is cholesterol needed to help produce?

A
  • Cortisone
  • Adrenaline
  • Estrogen
  • Testosterone
27
Q

Hormone

A

A substance produced by the endocrine glands and secreted directly into the bloodstream

28
Q
A