Chapter Six Flashcards
What is encoding?
*Process of how info is recorded, usable to memory
*Overwhelming if exposed to all, only select the important
What is storage?
Information saved for future use
What is retrieval?
*Process by which material in-memory storage is located
*Brought to awareness
CIP
Cognitive information processing: sensory memory/short-term memory/long-term memory
What is sensory memory?
*initial, momentary storage of info, duration 1-3 sec
What is iconic memory?
Recall visual images
What is echoic memory?
Recall sounds
What is short-term memory(working memory)?
*limited-capacity memory component
*Duration 5-20 sec
What is chunking? Why does it help STM
*“Chunks” is info, meaningful stimulus
*Stored as a unit in STM
*Relates to physical size than meaning
What is rehearsal? Why does it help STM?
*Repetition of info, that enters STM
*If rehearsed, it lives and not lost
*Permits material transfer to LTM
What is long-term memory?
*Info stored on a relative basis and retrieved when needed
*Retrieval problems bring stored info into awareness
*Retrieval cues are stimuli that help recall/triggers memories
Make sure you know the differences between STM and LTM
Short-term memory 20 sec 5-9 items
Long-term memory has memory modules(different memory systems)
*Declarative memory
*Procedural
Explicit memories vs Implicit memories.
Explicit(Declarative Knowledge): everyday memory, semantic: facts, effortful processing
Implicit(Non-declarative): automatic processing, procedural knowledge
Spacing effect?
Spaced schedule
Testing effect?
Mnemonics?
-The more you test the more you retain questions/material
-systems for improving memory
