Chapter Seven: Trauma and Dissociation

Question 1

Why was it decided that trauma and stress-related disorders don’t fit as neatly with other with other classes of disorders, such as anxiety?

Answer 1

• Because trauma and stress-related disorders all share a proximal instigating stressful event followed by intense emotional responses
• Also, a wider arrange of emotions (rage, horror, guilt, shame, fear, anxiety) may be implicated in the onset

Question 2

________ __________ _________ ________ is an enduring, distressing emotional disorder that follows exposure to a severe helplessness or fear-inducing threat. The victim re-experiences the trauma, avoids stimuli associated with it, and develops a numbing of responsiveness and an increased vigilance and arousal.

Answer 2

post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 3

During PTSD, When memories occur very suddenly and the survivors find themselves reliving the event, they are having a _________.

Answer 3

flashback

Question 4

Peggy’s Cove Airline Disaster Study

Answer 4

-airline crashed near Peggy’s Cove. Locals went tried to help but there were no survivors
- volunteers exposed to human remains, plane remains, etc.
- many volunteers reported intrusive memories, trouble sleeping, avoiding reminders, and emotional numbing, all indicative of PTSD

Question 5

TRUE or FALSE: Children’s memories of traumatic events can become embellished over the years

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

The diagnosis of PTSD cannot be made until at least ____ _____ has passed. Why?

Answer 6

• one month
• because many individuals experience strong reactions to stressful events that typically disappear within a month

Question 7

When is PTSD considered to be chronic?

Answer 7

When it continues longer than three months

Question 8

When it comes to delayed onset PTSD, how long does it take until it sets in?

Answer 8

at least six months after the event

Question 9

Chronic PTSD is usually associated with more prominent __________ ___________, as well as with the more frequent co-occurrence of additional diagnoses such as ______ ________.

Answer 9

• avoidance behaviours
• social phobia

Question 10

_______ ________ ________ is a severe reaction immediately following a terrifying event, often including amnesia about the event, emotional numbing, and derealization.

Answer 10

Acute stress disorder

Question 11

Acute stress disorder occurs within the _______ ______ after the event

Answer 11

first month

Question 12

Approximately ___% of folks with acute stress disorder go on to develop post traumatic stress disorder

Answer 12

50%

Question 13

____-____% of Canadian adults experiencing severe auto accidents developed PTSD

Answer 13

15-20%

Question 14

_____% of members of the Canadian Armed Forces reported experiencing PTSD during their lifetime, with higher rates among members who had been ________.

Answer 14

• 11%
• deployed

Question 15

What are the most common types of traumatic events that cause PTSD?

Answer 15

combat and sexual assault

Question 16

In order for someone to develop PTSD, _______ ______ to the trauma is necessary

Answer 16

close exposure

Question 17

A diagnosis of PTSD predicts ______ _______ independently of any other problem, such as alcohol misuse

Answer 17

suicide attempts