Chapter P6- Molecules And Matter Flashcards
What is the density of an object a measure of?
What does density tell us?
What is density?
What is the formula for calculating density?
What is density measured in?
How do you find the volume of a given object?
How much mass is in a certain volume.
How tightly the mass is packed together.
How much mass is in a given volume.
Density= mass -:- volume.
g/cm3 or kg/m3.
Multiply the width x length x height.
What are the three kinds of substances in which the density can be calculated?
What two pieces of equipment are used to find the density of an irregular solid?
How do you find the mass of a liquid?
How do you find the volume of a liquid?
What is the density of water?
What happens to particles in a substance when its heated?
What form of energy is this generally in the form of and what does this cause?
Regular solid, irregular solid and liquid.
Displacement can and measuring cylinder.
(Mass of container + liquid) - mass of container.
Use a measuring cylinder.
1 g/cm3 (cubed).
The particles in the substance gain energy
This is generally in the form of kinetic energy and causes the substance to move around faster
What is internal energy?
What is the internal energy of a substance?
What two types of energies does this not include for the whole substance?
What do particles in a gas move around at?
What do these particles do?
What happens when each particle collides with the surface of the container?
What does this cause?
What happens concerning the temperature when a solid is heated at its melting point?
Any energy stored by the particles in a substance.
The sum of the kinetic energy of the particles and the potential difference of the particles.
This doesn’t include the gravitational potential or kinetic potential of the whole substance.
High speeds in random directions.
They collide with each other and the internal surface of the container as they do this.
Its impact puts a force on the surface.
The forces of all the particles colliding with the surface causes pressure.
The temperature of the substance remains constant.
What is latent heat?
What happens if a liquid is cooled and solidifies at the same temperature as its melting point (concerning its latent heat)?
What is the specific latent heat of fusion?
What is the formula for calculating this?
The energy provided during a substance being heated which is used by the particles to break free from each other.
The latent heat is transferred to the surrounding and the particles form stronger bonds with each other.
The energy needed to change the state of 1 kg of the substance form solid to liquid at its melting point.
Energy (J) -:- mass (kg).
What is specific latent heat of vaporisation?
What’s the formula for calculating this?
When will an object sink?
When will an object float?
How can you find the mass of an irregular solid and how does this work?
What is temperature a measure of?
What happens to the particles as the temperature increases?
What two things does this mean happens concerning gas particles within the wall of a container?
What does this therefore result?
The energy needed to change the state of 1 kg of the substance from liquid to gas at its boiling point
Energy (J) -:- mass (kg)
If it’s more dense than water
If it’s less dense than water
By putting the object in water and what volume of water it displaces will be the same as the volume of the object
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles within a substance
The particles have more kinetic energy
Their collisions within the wall of their container will have more force and will happen more often
They apply more pressure on their container.
What are too small for us to see even with a microscope but what can we see of them?
What is it called that can prove this?
What two factors affects the volume of a gas?
What two things are we most of the time interested in how they change at a constant temperature?
What happens when we apply pressure to compress a gas?
What would this then increase and therefore also increase?
What two things happen at the same rate if we compress a gas slowly?
What will this therefore result in?
Individual molecules are too small for us to see, even with a microscope. However, we can see some evidence of them
Brownian Motion (insert picture here)
Its pressure and temperature
Most of the time interested in how pressure and volume change at a constant temperature
Work is done
This would increase the internal energy of the gas and therefore its temperature
The energy is lost to the surroundings at the same rate as it’s transferred
No temperature change taking place.
What is the equation used to calculate the pressure of a gas (include units)?
What two factors are included for this equation to work?
What are the properties of the following states with full explanation and result:
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Pressure (Pascals, Pa) x Volume (m3) = Constant (Pam3)
A fixed mass of a gas at a constant temperature
Solid doesn’t flow:
Due to the particles being so closely compacted (and because of bonds) this means they have a fixed shape
Liquid has a fixed volume:
Because the particles are close together but they don’t have a fixed shape due to them being different to a solid
Gas has no fixed volume/shape:
It has no fixed volume/shape and so can be compressed/squashed due to the particles not touching each other.
