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CSW flashcards > chapter one: composition and chemistry > Flashcards

chapter one: composition and chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

five components of wine

A

water
alcohol
acid
sugar
phenolic compounds

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2
Q

a highly volatile acid, often found in vinegar

A

acetic acid

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3
Q

the main type of potable alcohol in wine

A

ethanol (ethyl alcohol)

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4
Q

acid reminiscent of green apples

A

malic acid

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5
Q

the acid most prevalent in both ripe grapes and wine

A

tartaric acid

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6
Q

another term for tartrates

A

wine diamonds (tartaric acid crystals)

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7
Q

conditions that can lead to a drop in malic acid (in grapes/on the vine)

A

warm/hot conditions
the ripening phase (respiration)
overripe grapes

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8
Q

acid not found in grapes, but often produced during secondary fermentation (mlf)

A

lactic acid

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9
Q

acid that is both a minor component of grapes, and a byproduct of normal alcoholic fermentation

A

succinic acid

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10
Q

typical range of ph for most wines

A

2.9 to 3.9

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11
Q

two main fermentable sugars found in grapes

A

glucose and fructose

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12
Q

sugar remaining in a wine post-fermentation

A

residual sugar

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13
Q

compounds that give red wine its color

A

anthocyanins

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14
Q

yellow pigments found in white wines

A

flavonols (flavones)

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15
Q

sources of tannin

A

grapes: seeds, skins, stems
wood: oak barrels/other wood products

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16
Q

compound found in red wine known for its health benefits

A

resveratrol

17
Q

polymerization

A

the princess by which molecules (such as tannins) transform/combine into longer molecule chains

18
Q

oxidized alcohols

A

aldehydes

19
Q

molecules that result from the joining of an acid and an alcohol

A

esters

20
Q

chemical reactions resulting from dissolved oxygen

A

oxidation

21
Q

in the US, wines containing more than _ ppm of sulfur dioxide must carry a warning label

A

10

CSW flashcards (10 decks)

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