CHAPTER IX PARTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL (PRA) OR RAPID RURAL APPRAISAL (RRA)

Question 1

• an assessment and learning approach that places emphasis on empowering local people to assume active role in analyzing their own living conditions, problems and potentials in order to seek for a change of their situation

Answer 1

Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA)

Question 2

• a research methodology developed in the 1970s and 1980s as a response to the need for quick, cost-effective and participatory approaches to understanding rural communities

Answer 2

Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA)

Question 3

PRA and RRA: Both are systems of ______ and______ information about rural life in order to improve decisions

Answer 3

collecting and analyzing

Question 4

PRA and RRA: Both consist of an ________ and a set of _______. The approaches are different but the techniques are almost the same

Answer 4

approach; techniques

Question 5

RRA ________ to have a better, more sympathetic understanding of rural life, thus improving his/her decisions.

Answer 5

helps the outsider

Question 6

PRA _______ local community to analyze its situation and improve its decisions. PRA is a close relative to RRA.

Answer 6

empowers

Question 7

• a visual representation of what the community perceives as their community space

Answer 7

Community sketch maps

Question 7

TECHNIQUES & METHODS OF PRA/RRA:

Answer 7

1. Maps and Models - Diagrams
2. Community sketch maps
3. Transect walk
4. Mobility diagram
5. Venn Diagram
6. Ranking and scoring
7. Semi-structured interview
8. Participatory Problem Analysis

Question 7

PRINCIPLES AND FEATURES OF PRA/RRA:

Answer 7

• Respecting people’s knowledge and learning from them
• Optimal ignorance
• Flexibility
• Visualization
• Triangulation
• It involves a team of people working with a community for several days
• Analysis is done on field
• Continuity

Question 8

• spatial data is analyzed through diagrams, maps and models
• the techniques are pictorial or symbolic representation of information

Answer 8

Maps and Models - Diagram

Question 9

Community sketch maps:

Answer 9

i. Social Maps
ii. Physical and resource maps
iii. Topical maps

Question 10

• specific type of map representing households according to certain indicators

Answer 10

Social Maps

Question 11

• drawn by the people to show natural resource of an area, location and use of natural resources

Answer 11

Physical and resource maps

Question 12

• specific topic maps are drawn to draw attention to a particular type of information of the area

Answer 12

Topical maps

Question 13

• a walk or a series of walks through an area with local informants to learn of the range of different condition, problems and opportunities in each of the area

Answer 13

Transect walk

Question 14

• used to understand the places traveled, resources collected and to identify the persons traveling

Answer 14

Mobility diagram

Question 15

• a type of diagram that uses overlapping circles to represent the logical relation between specific things

Answer 15

Venn Diagram

Question 15

Ranking and scoring:

Answer 15

i.Preference ranking method
ii. Direct matrix ranking

Question 16

• a way in which various kinds of things can be compared according to different qualities people value
• it places in an order of what is more or what is less important

Answer 16

Ranking and scoring

Question 17

• helps to quickly get a good idea of what people think are the priority problem or preferences

Answer 17

Preference ranking method

Question 18

• used to list items to be compared along horizontal line and criteria on the vertical line to rank choices from most important to least important

Answer 18

Direct matrix ranking

Question 19

• a guided interview where the major topics and a few key questions are formulated before the interview

Answer 19

Semi-structured interview

Question 20

• a method that enables stakeholders to examine their own problems

Answer 20

Participatory Problem Analysis