Chapter indigenous AND non westerners

Question 1

Q1: What is the main argument of Leroy Little Bear (2000) about worldviews and colonialism?

Answer 1

Colonialism enforces a singular social order, suppressing Indigenous worldviews, which are holistic and interconnected.

Question 2

Q2: How does Indigenous psychology define personality?

Answer 2

Personality is relational, shaped by relationships with people, nature, objects, places, and sensory experiences.

Question 3

What are the core values of Indigenous psychology according to Little Bear (2000)?

Answer 3

Wholeness, interconnected relationships, personal responsibility, respect, non-interference, sharing, honesty, and kindness.

Question 4

How does Indigenous psychology differ from Western psychology in its understanding of personality?

Answer 4

A: Indigenous psychology sees personality as embedded in relationships, while Western psychology emphasizes individual traits.

Question 5

Q5: What is the power of thought-wish in Aaniiih (Gros Ventre) cultural psychology?

Answer 5

A: The belief that thoughts can influence reality, affecting health, relationships, and even events.

Question 6

Q6: How does Joseph Gone (2019) critique Western mental health services?

Answer 6

A: He argues that they ignore Indigenous worldviews and cultural healing practices, leading to distrust among Indigenous communities.

Question 7

Q7: According to Indigenous perspectives, what are effective ways to treat mental health issues?

Answer 7

: Ceremonies, storytelling, prayer, group rituals, and strengthening the mind through cultural practices.

Question 8

Q8: What does WEIRD stand for, and why is it significant in psychology?

Answer 8

A: Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic. Most psychological research is based on WEIRD populations, which are not representative of all humans.

Question 9

Q9: What is the Five-Factor Model (Big Five), and why is its universality debated?

Answer 9

A: A model of personality traits (Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism). Some research suggests it is not fully universal, as certain cultures emphasize different traits.

Question 10

Q10: How do individualist and collectivist cultures differ in personality expression?

Answer 10

A: Individualist cultures emphasize stable, internal traits, while collectivist cultures focus on social roles and relationships that change across situations.

Question 11

Q11: What is evoked culture in evolutionary psychology?

Answer 11

A: The idea that cultural differences result from how evolved psychological mechanisms respond to environmental conditions.

Question 12

Q12: How does cultural psychology differ from cross-cultural psychology?

Answer 12

A: Cultural psychology sees culture and personality as mutually shaping each other, while cross-cultural psychology compares different cultures to find universal traits.

Question 13

Q13: What challenges the universality of the Five-Factor Model?

Answer 13

A: Some cultures may require additional personality dimensions, such as Honesty-Humility (Lee & Ashton, 2008).

Question 14

Q14: What are some examples of indigenous personality constructs?

Answer 14

Amae (Japan) – Indulgent dependence
Simpatía (Mexico) – Conflict avoidance

Interpersonal relatedness (China) – Social harmony over individual traits

Question 15

Q15: How do Indigenous and Western perspectives differ in defining a “healthy personality”?

Answer 15

Indigenous: Community-oriented, adaptable, spiritual, responsible to relationships.
Western: Independent, emotionally stable, self-enhancing.

Question 16

Q16: What is the primary critique of Western psychology from Indigenous perspectives?

Answer 16

A: It imposes individualistic values and ignores relational, spiritual, and holistic understandings of personality.

Question 17

Q17: How do Indigenous healing practices differ from Western psychotherapy?

Answer 17

A: Indigenous healing emphasizes community rituals, storytelling, ceremonies, and holistic well-being, while Western therapy often uses individual talk therapy and medication.

Question 18

Q18: Why do some Indigenous individuals reject Western mental health services?

Answer 18

A: Because Western methods often do not align with Indigenous worldviews, which emphasize spirituality, relationships, and cultural traditions.

Question 19

Q19: How do Indigenous languages influence thought and worldview?

Answer 19

A: Many Indigenous languages are verb-based, focusing on action and relationships rather than fixed categories, shaping a more interconnected view of reality.

Question 20

differences between indigenous and western/european thought

Answer 20

indigenous :
-cyclical & holistic
-dynamic and changing
-Interrelationship and balance
- Generalist knowledge (survival, rituals)

Western:
- Linear & Singular
- Static thinking
- Objective , materialistic approach
- Specialization (1 way is correct way)