CHAPTER FOUR: PHARMACOLOGY AND THE CARE OF INFANTS AND PEDIATRIC PATIENTS

Question 1

What matters more a child’s age or weight

Answer 1

Weight

Question 2

What can change pharmodynamics and pharmokinetics in peds

Answer 2

Physiological changes in development

Question 3

Examples of immature organ systems

Answer 3

Water levels, fat storage, protein levels

Question 4

Body composition in peds

Answer 4

Vary widely in growth and maturation

Question 5

Absorption concerns

Answer 5

• dehydration
• GI movement and emptying
• administration —avoid IM

Question 6

Distribution concerns

Answer 6

-percent of body water
- developing liver
- blood brain barrier

Question 7

Metabolism concerns

Answer 7

Cytochrome enzyme (p450) is less during development

Question 8

Elimination concerns

Answer 8

Immature kidneys (reduced GFR, slowed renal clearance)

Question 9

Infant administration

Answer 9

4 weeks to 1 year
- oral: done with dropper
- watch for dosages
- safe administration — secure limbs
- education of parents

Question 10

Med administration for toddlers

Answer 10

1-5 years
- involve the group
- short and simple
- adults are in control

Question 11

Med administration of school aged and teens

Answer 11

12-18 years old
- explain in detail
- promote independence with supervision
Watch for antidepressants and ADHD meds, causes increased risk of suicide