Chapter Four - Adolescence

Question 1

Socialization

Answer 1

The process by which people acquire the behaviors and beliefs of the culture in which they live

Question 2

Self-Regulation

Answer 2

The capacity for exercising self-control in order to restrain one’s impulses and comply with social norms

Question 3

Role preparation

Answer 3

An outcome of socialization that includes preparation for occupational roles, gender roles, and roles in institutions such as marriage and parenthood

Question 4

Source of meaning

Answer 4

The ideas and beliefs that people learn as part of socialization, such as what is important, valued and so on

Question 5

Custom Complex

Answer 5

A customary practice and the bliefs, values, sanctions that are associated in a culture and the cultural beliefs that provide the basis for that practice

Question 6

Ontogenetic

Answer 6

Something that occurs naturally in the course of development as part of normal maturation

Question 7

First-Generation Families

Answer 7

The status of person who were born in one country and then immigrated to another

Question 8

Second-Generation Families

Answer 8

The status of persons who were born in the country they currently reside in but whose parents were born in a different country

Question 9

Secular

Answer 9

Based on nonreligious beliefs and values

Question 10

Social Desirability

Answer 10

The tendency for people participants in social science studies to report their behavior as they believe it would be approaved by others rather than as it actually occurred

Question 11

Poetic-Conventional Faith

Answer 11

Fowler’s term for when adolescence become aware of their faith and believe there is more than one way of knowing the truth

Question 12

Individuating-Reflective Faith

Answer 12

Fowler’s term in which people depend less on their parents faith and develop a more individualized faith based

Question 13

Heteronomous Morality

Answer 13

Piaget’s term from 4 to 7 years old in which moral rules are viewed as having a sacred, fixed quality, handed down from figures of authority and alterable obly by them

Question 14

Autonomous Morality

Answer 14

Piaget’s term from 10 to 12 years old, which involves a growing relization that moral rules are social conventions and can be changed

Question 15

Preconventional Reasoning

Answer 15

When moral reasoning is based on perceptions of the likelihood of external rewards and punishment

Question 16

Conventional Reasoning

Answer 16

When a person conforms to the moral expectations of other because of established by tradition and by authorities

Question 17

Postconventional Reasoning

Answer 17

Moral reasoning is based on the individual own independent jugements rather than on egocentric or what over view as right or wrong

Question 18

Justice Orientation

Answer 18

A type of moral orientation that places a premium on abstract principles of justice, equality, and fairness

Question 19

Case Orientation

Answer 19

Gilligan’s Term for the type of moral orientation that involves focusing on relationshops with other as the basis for moral reasoning

Question 20

Worldview

Answer 20

A set of cultural beliefs that explain what it means to be human, how human relations should be conducted, and how human problems should be addressed