Chapter F5: Infection Control

Question 1

abbreviated AIDS; a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system; AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 1

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Question 2

chemical germicides formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration

Answer 2

Antiseptics

Question 3

showing no symptoms or signs of infection

Answer 3

Asymptomatic

Question 4

single-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics; some bacteria are harmful, some are harmless

Answer 4

Bacteria

Question 5

bacteria capable of producing a protective coating that allows them to withstand very harsh environments and to shed the coating when conditions become more favorable to them

Answer 5

Bacterial spores

Question 6

capable of destroying bacteria

Answer 6

Bactericidal

Question 7

colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces, as well as the human body

Answer 7

Biofilms

Question 8

disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV

Answer 8

Bloodborne pathogens

Question 9

break down stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs, salts, and masks.

Answer 9

Chelating Soaps

Question 10

a mechanical process using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs; cleaning also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection; cleaning is what beauty professionals are required to do before disinfecting.

Answer 10

Cleaning

Question 11

Able to be communicated; transferable by contact from one person to another.

Answer 11

Communicable (disease)

Question 12

Disease that is capable of being spread from one person to another.

Answer 12

Contagious disease

Question 13

the presence, or the reasonably anticipated presence, of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface, or visible debris or residues such as dust, hair, and skin

Answer 13

Contamination

Question 14

determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or tests.

Answer 14

Diagnosis

Question 15

transmission of pathogens through touching (including shaking hands), kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking.

Answer 15

Direct transmission

Question 16

an abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function

Answer 16

Disease

Question 17

chemical products approved by the EPA designed to destroy most bacteria (excluding spores), fungi, and viruses on surfaces.

Answer 17

Disinfectants

Question 18

a chemical process that uses specific products to destroy harmful organisms (except bacterial spores) on environmental surfaces

Answer 18

Disinfection

Question 19

the ability of a product to produce the intended effect; on a disinfectant label, it indicates specific pathogens destroyed or disabled when used properly.

Answer 19

Efficacy

Question 20

contact with non-intact (broken) skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials, which is the result of the performance of an employee’s duties

Answer 20

Exposure incident

Question 21

single-celled organisms that grow in irregular masses and include molds, mildews, and yeasts; they can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm.

Answer 21

Fungi

Question 22

Capable of destroying molds and fungi.

Answer 22

Fungicidal

Question 23

a bloodborne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver

Answer 23

Hepatitis

Question 24

an inflammatory disease of the skin caused by a viral infection and characterized by small vesicles in clusters.

Answer 24

Herpes Simplex Virus

Question 25

Immune deficiency syndrome

Answer 25

(AIDS) human immunodeficiency virus

Question 26

Virus that can infect the bottom of the foot and resembles small black dots, usually in clustered groups; also a contagious viral infection commonly contracted through sexual transmission and exhibited by genital warts.

Answer 26

Human papilloma virus (HPV)

Question 27

Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface.

Answer 27

Indirect transmission

Question 28

The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens.

Answer 28

Infection

Question 29

The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms from one individual to another.

Answer 29

Infection control

Question 30

Caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection.

Answer 30

Infectious

Question 31

Disease caused by pathogens (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body; an infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to another.

Answer 31

Infectious disease

Question 32

A condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection, characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling.

Answer 32

Inflammation

Question 33

An infection, such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus.

Answer 33

Local infection

Question 34

A type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics.

Answer 34

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Question 35

Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size.

Answer 35

Microorganism

Question 36

A type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects but does not cause human infections in the barbershop.

Answer 36

Mildew

Question 37

Items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person.

Answer 37

Multiuse

Question 38

A large family of bacteria that is often found in soil and water.

Answer 38

Mycobacterium

Question 39

Harmless microorganisms that may preform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm.

Answer 39

Nonpathogenic

Question 40

An item that is made of a material that has no openings and cannot absorb liquids.

Answer 40

Nonporous

Question 41

Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment, such as prolonged and repeated exposure to certain products or ingredients.

Answer 41

Occupational disease

Question 42

Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or inside another organism (host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism.

Answer 42

Parasites

Question 43

Disease caused by parasites, such as lice and mites.

Answer 43

Parasitic disease

Question 44

Harmful microorganisms that cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body

Answer 44

Pathogenic

Question 45

Disease produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites.

Answer 45

Pathogenic disease

Question 46

Infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice.

Answer 46

Pediculosis capitis

Question 47

Tuberculocidal disinfectants that are a form of formaldehyde, a very high PH, and can damage the skin and eyes.

Answer 47

Phenolic disinfectants

Question 48

Made or constructed of a material that has openings, making it absorbent.

Answer 48

Porous

Question 49

A fluid created by infection.

Answer 49

Pus

Question 50

Designed for disinfection of nonporous surfaces; they are appropriate for use in noncritical (noninvasive) environments and are effective against most pathogens of concern in the salon, spa, or barbershop.

Answer 50

Quaternary ammonium compounds (Quats)

Question 51

A fungal infection of the skin that appears in circular lesions.

Answer 51

Ringworm

Question 52

A chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level.

Answer 52

Sanitation

Question 53

A contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin.

Answer 53

Scabies

Question 54

Effective disinfectant for the salon, spa, or barbershop. Common household bleach.

Answer 54

Sodium hypochlorite

Question 55

Guidelines published by the CDC that require the employer and employee to assume that any human blood and body fluids are potentially infectious.

Answer 55

Standard precautions

Question 56

Pus-forming bacteria that grows in clusters like a bunch of grapes, caused abscesses, pustules, and boils.

Answer 56

Staphylococci

Question 57

The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.

Answer 57

Sterilization

Question 58

And infection where the pathogen has distributed throughout the body rather than staying in one area or organ.

Answer 58

Systemic infection

Question 59

(Barber’s itch) a superficial fungal infection that commonly affects the skin; it is primarily limited to the bearded areas of the face and neck or around the scalp.

Answer 59

Tinea Barbae

Question 60

A fungal infection of the scalp characterized by red papules, or spots, at the opening of the hair follicles.

Answer 60

Tinea capitis

Question 61

(Phenolics) proven to kill the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, in addition to other pathogens destroyed by the use of hospital disinfectants.

Answer 61

Tuberculocidal disinfectants

Question 62

A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing.

Answer 62

Tuberculosis

Question 63

Capable of destroying viruses.

Answer 63

Virulcidal

Question 64

A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms. A virus is capable of replication only through taking over the host cell’s reproductive function.

Answer 64

Virus