Chapter eleven - Economic developments Flashcards
When was the Great Turn?
Between 1927 and 29
What were the problems with the Russian economy?
Production was weakened by strikes, managerial inefficiency and low levels of mechanisation.
Officials blamed Nepmen for obstructing central planning. Factory owners blamed officials for interfering and demanding unrealistically low prices.
How many peasants worked on collective farms?
By 1928, less than 5%
What were the reasons for the Great Turn?
To improve efficiency and quality of industrial goods
To increase military strength
Crisis in grain procurement in 1927-28
To revert to true communist ideology
To be more radical
What was the debate between Stalin and Bukharin called?
The clash of opinion
What were the aims of the first five year plan?
Develop heavy industry
Boost overall production by 300%
Improve the transport system
Generate six times more electric power by 1933
Feed the expanding industrial workforce
Light industry expected to double its output
What were the factors behind the drive to collectivise?
Grain procurement crisis of 1927/28
Need for increased food to feed the growing workforce
Conviction that this was the right socialist path to follow
What was the Urals Siberian method?
Stalin’s officials and police went to west Siberia and the Urals, closed free markets, stopped speculation (hoarding grain) and pressured local officials to seize grain by force
When did Stalin announce his readiness to impose forced collectivisation?
December 1929
