Chapter Dos Flashcards
What is norms?
Culture/standard behavior within a society that result to commonality and unity
Why do we need norms?
to guide us
What is the role of Ethics?
Guides man to apply his moral principles and follow the directions to his ultimate destiny
Differentiate Morality and Sin
Morality - sustains life; is constructive; solves problems
Sin - destroys life; is destructive; creates problems
What are the different Moral Contemporaries
- Deontological Ethics
- Consequentialism
- Utilitarianism
- Pragmatism
- Altruism
- Subjectivism
- Pacifism
- Humanism
- Anarchism
- Existentialism
- Eudamonism
the theory of duty or moral obligation
DEONTOLOGICAL ETHICS or ETHICS OF DUTY
the ends justify the means
CONSEQUENTIALISM
the ethical doctrine which believes that the moral worth of an action is solely determined by its contribution to overall utility.
UTILITARIANISM
the meaning of concepts and morally good actions are to be sought in their practical bearings
PRAGMATISM
is a code of ethics which holds the welfare of others as the standard of “good”
and self-sacrifice as the only moral action.
ALTRUISM
The belief that values are subjective
This means that values are whatever
we choose to pursue and whatever we desire.
SUBJECTIVISM
the moral principle which advocates that the use of force is wrong for any reason.
This applies to both the initiation of force, as well as defensive or retaliatory force.
PACIFISM
Expresses renewed confidence in the power of man
to respond positively to his own problems
and so discover new things for himself
HUMANISM
rejects dependence on faith, the supernatural or
divinely revealed texts.
HUMANISM
Expresses man’s freedom to express himself
without repression of any kind.
Freedom is the highest attainment of a humanity
ANARCHISM
Emphasizing action, freedom, and decision as fundamental existentialism is opposed to rationalism and positivism. i.e., argues against definitions of human beings as primarily rational.
EXISTENTIALISM
asserts that people actually make decisions based on what has meaning to them rather than what is rational.
EXISTENTIALISM
Greek word ____which means
happiness
eudaimonia
Refers to any conception of ethics that puts human happiness and the complete life of the individual at the center of ethical concern.
EUDAIMONISM
EXPLAIN ALL CONTEMPORARIES
Ethics of Duty – Duty and the importance of MEANS
Consequentialism – END of an act
Utilitarianism – “Contribution” of the act
Pragmatism – Practicality of each act and decision
Altruism – on being “selfless” for the other
Subjectivism – importance of personal judgment and decision
Pacifism – everything can be dealt with no force. Violence can be avoided.
Humanism – the greatness of human capacity in shaping the society. Each individual has the capacity to change the community where he belongs.
Anarchism – Human freedom
Existentialism – find meaning from every act we perform
Eudaimonism – Happiness is and must be the goal of each individual. We have the right to be happy; to seek happiness.
