Chapter 9 Vocab

Question 1

Samuel F.B Morse

Answer 1

built the electromagnetic telegraph

Question 2

specialization

Answer 2

raising one or two cash crops (no longer self-sufficient)

Question 3

market revolution

Answer 3

because of specialization people bought and sold goods rather than make them for personal use

Question 4

capitalism

Answer 4

the economic system where private businesses & individuals control means of production (like factories or land)

Question 5

entrepreneur

Answer 5

investors that give their own funds to create capital - they risked their own money

Question 6

Leonard Gale

Answer 6

assisted Samuel Morse in building the electromagnetic telegraph

Question 7

Charles Goodyear

Answer 7

invented vulcanized rubber

Question 8

Elias Howe

Answer 8

invented Singer sewing machine

Question 9

telegraph

Answer 9

sent messages across wire (Samuel Morse)

Question 10

John Deere

Answer 10

invented the steel plow so Midwest could be cleared and farmed and horses not oxen could be used

Question 11

Cyrus McCormick

Answer 11

invented the mechanical reaper

Question 12

manifest destiny

Answer 12

the belief that the USA’s destiny was to expand to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican territory

Question 13

middle ground

Answer 13

land that neither Indian nor white man dominated

Question 14

Treaty of Laramie

Answer 14

Indians can live in central plains but cannot attack settlers (government didn’t always follow)

Question 15

Santa Fe Trail

Answer 15

busy and well-known settler trail moving west between Missouri and New Mexico

Question 16

Marcus and Narcissa Whitman

Answer 16

went to Oregon territory to set up mission schools for Indians conversion to Christianity

Question 17

Oregon Trail

Answer 17

began in Missouri and ended in Oregon

Question 18

Mormons

Answer 18

the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

Question 19

Joseph Smith

Answer 19

founded the Mormon religion and was murdered while he was in jail for destroying an enemy’s printing press

Question 20

Brigham Young

Answer 20

Smith’s successor who moved Mormons to Utah to escape religious persecution

Question 21

Ashburton Treaty of 1844

Answer 21

resolved border disputes between USA and Britain for Maine and Minnesota and made Oregon a joint occupation

Question 22

Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!

Answer 22

American slogan for wanting complete control of Oregon Territory that Britain gave up becasue fur trade dwindled

Question 23

Stephen F. Austin

Answer 23

led first group of settlers to Mexican province Texas (invasion :o :P )

Question 24

land grants

Answer 24

Mexico offered these to Americans so they’d come for cheap land if they obeyed Mexican rules and religion

Question 25

Texas's Old Three Hundred

Answer 25

group of Anglo settlers in Texas under the empresario (agent) Austin

Question 26

Anglo

Answer 26

English speaking

Question 27

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna (who and relationship with Austin)

Answer 27

Mexican president Austin petitioned to for a greater self-government in Texas

Question 28

Texas Revolution

Answer 28

multiple rebellions in Texas after Santa Anna jailed Austin and removed local authorities from power

Question 29

Alamo

Answer 29

an abandoned fort where a battle between Texans and Santa Anna ending with Santa Anna wiping out nearly all including Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie

Question 30

Goliad Victories

Answer 30

Santa Anna's execution of 300 rebels

Question 31

Battle of San Jacinto

Answer 31

defeat of Santa Anna after Alamo and Goliad defeats

Question 32

Sam Houston

Answer 32

led Texans to defeat Santa Anna and was the first president of the Republic of Texas

Question 33

Treaty of Velasco

Answer 33

forced sign from Santa Anna to give up Texas to be independent

Question 34

Republic of Texas

Answer 34

independent away from USA and Mexico WHEN established

Question 35

annex

Answer 35

to incorporate : in context of the Republic of Texas asking the USA to annex them into the states after they had made up their own constitution based on the state's

Question 36

Robert E. Lee

Answer 36

skilled general that didn't want to fight Mexican war along with many others

Question 37

James K. Polk

Answer 37

U.S president with high territorial aspirations

Question 38

John Sidell

Answer 38

Spanish speaking emissary sent to Mexico to purchase California and New Mexico and Texas to the Rio Grande river

Question 39

Zachary Taylor

Answer 39

a general sent to march with troops to the Rio Grande and blockade the river; also captured Monterrey, Mexico

Question 40

James Russell Lowell

Answer 40

a strong abolitionist

Question 41

Wilmot Proviso

Answer 41

outlawed slavery in lands that might be gained from Mexico

Question 42

John C. Fremont

Answer 42

led an exploration party through Mexico's Alta California province and revolt in 1845

Question 43

War with Mexico

Answer 43

first foreign war for America

Question 44

Stephen Kearny

Answer 44

a colonel that led troops to gain New Mexico and California "the Long Marcher"

Question 45

Winfield Scott

Answer 45

when Santa Anna took back the army and turned on Taylor, Scott captured Veracruz and later Mexico City

Question 46

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Answer 46

between Mexico and States that agreed to Rio Grande being border and allowed CA and NM to join USA and payment for Mexican cession of lower states of today

Question 47

Gadsen Purchase

Answer 47

established current borders of lower 48 states

Question 48

James Marshall

Answer 48

discovered gold in CA at Sutter's Mill

Question 49

forty-niners

Answer 49

prospectors who came to mine gold

Question 50

gold rush

Answer 50

um. self-explanatory

Question 51

John O'Sulivan

Answer 51

writer emphasizing manifest destiny

Question 52

Zachary Taylor and ???

Answer 52

2 Whig generals that ran for President